Human papillomavirus causes: Difference between revisions
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
*Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus belonging to its own family, papillomaviridae. There are 210 types of HPV and as reflected in its name, species specific for humans. It is a double-stranded DNA, non-enveloped capsid virus that has 7900 base pairs which have 90% homology between the types. | *Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus belonging to its own family, papillomaviridae. There are 210 types of HPV and as reflected in its name, species specific for humans. It is a double-stranded DNA, non-enveloped capsid virus that has 7900 base pairs which have 90% homology between the types. | ||
The base pairs are arranged in a circle which includes the codes for two key proteins known as L1 and L2.<ref name=" | The base pairs are arranged in a circle which includes the codes for two key proteins known as L1 and L2. | ||
These two proteins act as the “immunogene” which is required for self-assembly and the infectivity protein, respectively.<ref name="pmid10792983">{{cite journal |vauthors=Roden RB, Yutzy WH, Fallon R, Inglis S, Lowy DR, Schiller JT |title=Minor capsid protein of human genital papillomaviruses contains subdominant, cross-neutralizing epitopes |journal=Virology |volume=270 |issue=2 |pages=254–7 |year=2000 |pmid=10792983 |doi=10.1006/viro.2000.0272 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15753007">{{cite journal |vauthors=Doorbar J |title=The papillomavirus life cycle |journal=J. Clin. Virol. |volume=32 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S7–15 |year=2005 |pmid=15753007 |doi=10.1016/j.jcv.2004.12.006 |url=}}</ref> | |||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
image:HPV.jpg|HPV invasion cycle | image:HPV.jpg|HPV invasion cycle | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]
Overview
Causes
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus belonging to its own family, papillomaviridae. There are 210 types of HPV and as reflected in its name, species specific for humans. It is a double-stranded DNA, non-enveloped capsid virus that has 7900 base pairs which have 90% homology between the types.
The base pairs are arranged in a circle which includes the codes for two key proteins known as L1 and L2. These two proteins act as the “immunogene” which is required for self-assembly and the infectivity protein, respectively.[1][2]
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HPV invasion cycle
- some types of HPV cause local self-limited infections while others can be differentiated by their predilection towards the development of human cancers. For example, HPV 16 and 18 are most frequently associated with cervical cancer.
- HPV 16 accounts for up to 50% of HPV causing cervical and anal cancers worldwide.[3] In addition of those viruses associated with penile cancer, 70% are of the HPV 16 phenotype and occurs 6 times higher in males with histories of venereal warts or condylomata accuminata.
References
- ↑ Roden RB, Yutzy WH, Fallon R, Inglis S, Lowy DR, Schiller JT (2000). "Minor capsid protein of human genital papillomaviruses contains subdominant, cross-neutralizing epitopes". Virology. 270 (2): 254–7. doi:10.1006/viro.2000.0272. PMID 10792983.
- ↑ Doorbar J (2005). "The papillomavirus life cycle". J. Clin. Virol. 32 Suppl 1: S7–15. doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2004.12.006. PMID 15753007.
- ↑ Zaki SR, Judd R, Coffield LM, Greer P, Rolston F, Evatt BL (1992). "Human papillomavirus infection and anal carcinoma. Retrospective analysis by in situ hybridization and the polymerase chain reaction". Am. J. Pathol. 140 (6): 1345–55. PMC 1886536. PMID 1318640.