Gadopentetate

Gadopentetate
Black Box Warning
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rabin Bista, M.B.B.S. [2]

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Black Box Warning

WARNING: See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning. NEPHROGENIC SYSTEMIC FIBROSIS (NSF): Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) increase the risk for NSF among patients with impaired elimination of the drugs. Avoid use of GBCAs in these patients unless the diagnostic information is essential and not available with non-contrasted MRI or other modalities. NSF may result in fatal or debilitating fibrosis affecting the skin, muscle, and internal organs. Do not administer Magnevist to patients with: chronic, severe kidney disease (GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m2), or acute kidney injury [see Contraindications (4)]. Screen patients for acute kidney injury and other conditions that may reduce renal function. For patients at risk for chronically reduced renal function (for example, age >60 years, hypertension or diabetes), estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) through laboratory testing. Do not exceed the recommended Magnevist dose and allow a sufficient period of time for elimination of the drug from the body prior to any re-administration

Overview

Gadopentetate is a Diagnostic Agent that is FDA approved for the diagnosis of lesions and abnormal vascularity in Central Nervous System, Extracranial/Extraspinal Tissues. There is a Black Box Warning for this drug as shown here. Common adverse reactions include headache, nausea, injection site coldness/localized coldness, and dizziness.

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

Indications

Central Nervous System Magnevist injection is indicated for use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adults, and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) to visualize lesions with abnormal vascularity in the brain (intracranial lesions), spine and associated tissues. Magnevist injection has been shown to facilitate visualization of intracranial lesions including but not limited to tumors.

1.2 Extracranial/Extraspinal Tissues Magnevist injection is indicated for use with MRI in adults and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) to facilitate the visualization of lesions with abnormal vascularity in the head and neck.

1.3 Body Magnevist injection is indicated for use in MRI in adults and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) to facilitate the visualization of lesions with abnormal vascularity in the body.

Dosage

The recommended dosage of Magnevist injection is 0.2 mL/kg (0.1 mmol/kg) administered intravenously, at a rate not to exceed 10 mL per 15 seconds. Dosing for patients in excess of 286 lbs has not been studied systematically.

To ensure complete injection of Magnevist, administer 5-mL normal saline flush after the injection. The imaging procedure should be completed within 1 hour of injection of Magnevist injection.

Visually inspect for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. Do not use the solution if it is discolored, if particulate matter is present or if the container appears damaged.

Discard any unused portion in accordance with regulations dealing with the disposal of such materials.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Gadopentetate in adult patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Gadopentetate in adult patients.

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

Indications

Central Nervous System Magnevist injection is indicated for use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adults, and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) to visualize lesions with abnormal vascularity in the brain (intracranial lesions), spine and associated tissues. Magnevist injection has been shown to facilitate visualization of intracranial lesions including but not limited to tumors.

1.2 Extracranial/Extraspinal Tissues Magnevist injection is indicated for use with MRI in adults and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) to facilitate the visualization of lesions with abnormal vascularity in the head and neck.

1.3 Body Magnevist injection is indicated for use in MRI in adults and pediatric patients (2 years of age and older) to facilitate the visualization of lesions with abnormal vascularity in the body.

Dosage

The recommended dosage of Magnevist injection is 0.2 mL/kg (0.1 mmol/kg) administered intravenously, at a rate not to exceed 10 mL per 15 seconds. Dosing for patients in excess of 286 lbs has not been studied systematically.

To ensure complete injection of Magnevist, administer 5-mL normal saline flush after the injection. The imaging procedure should be completed within 1 hour of injection of Magnevist injection.

Visually inspect for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. Do not use the solution if it is discolored, if particulate matter is present or if the container appears damaged.

Discard any unused portion in accordance with regulations dealing with the disposal of such materials.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Gadopentetate in pediatric patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Gadopentetate in pediatric patients.

Contraindications

• Chronic, severe kidney disease (glomerular filtration rate, GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m 2), or

Acute kidney injury, or History of severe hypersensitivity reactions to Magnevist.

Warnings

WARNING: See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning. NEPHROGENIC SYSTEMIC FIBROSIS (NSF): Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) increase the risk for NSF among patients with impaired elimination of the drugs. Avoid use of GBCAs in these patients unless the diagnostic information is essential and not available with non-contrasted MRI or other modalities. NSF may result in fatal or debilitating fibrosis affecting the skin, muscle, and internal organs. Do not administer Magnevist to patients with: chronic, severe kidney disease (GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m2), or acute kidney injury [see Contraindications (4)]. Screen patients for acute kidney injury and other conditions that may reduce renal function. For patients at risk for chronically reduced renal function (for example, age >60 years, hypertension or diabetes), estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) through laboratory testing. Do not exceed the recommended Magnevist dose and allow a sufficient period of time for elimination of the drug from the body prior to any re-administration

Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis (NSF) Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) increase the risk for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) among patients with impaired elimination of the drugs. Avoid use of GBCAs among these patients unless the diagnostic information is essential and not available with non-contrast enhanced MRI or other modalities. The GBCA-associated NSF risk appears highest for patients with chronic, severe kidney disease (GFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m2) as well as patients with acute kidney injury. Do not administer Magnevist to these patients. The risk appears lower for patients with chronic, moderate kidney disease (GFR 30- 59 mL/min/1.73m2) and little, if any, for patients with chronic, mild kidney disease (GFR 60- 89 mL/min/1.73m2). NSF may result in fatal or debilitating fibrosis affecting the skin, muscle, and internal organs. Report any diagnosis of NSF following Magnevist administration to Bayer HealthCare (1-888-842-2937) or FDA (1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch).

Screen patients for acute kidney injury and other conditions that may reduce renal function. Features of acute kidney injury consist of rapid (over hours to days) and usually reversible decrease in kidney function, commonly in the setting of surgery, severe infection, injury, or drug-induced kidney toxicity. Serum creatinine levels and estimated GFR may not reliably assess renal function in the setting of acute kidney injury. For patients at risk for chronically reduced renal function (for example, age > 60 years, diabetes mellitus or chronic hypertension), estimate the GFR through laboratory testing.

Among the factors that may increase the risk for NSF are repeated or higher than recommended doses of a GBCA and degree of renal impairment at the time of exposure. Record the specific GBCA and the dose administered to a patient. When administering Magnevist, do not exceed the recommended dose and allow a sufficient period of time for elimination of the drug prior to re-administration [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) and Dosage and Administration (2)].

5.2 Hypersensitivity Reactions Anaphylactoid and anaphylactic reactions with cardiovascular, respiratory, and/or cutaneous manifestations rarely resulting in death have occurred. The risk of hypersensitivity reactions is higher in patients with a history of reaction to contrast media, bronchial asthma, or allergic disorders. Hypersensitivity reactions can occur with or without prior exposure to GBCAs.

Have appropriately trained personnel administer Magnevist in a facility that has immediate availability of resuscitative equipment. If a hypersensitivity reaction occurs, stop Magnevist injection and immediately begin appropriate therapy.

Observe closely patients with a history of drug reactions, allergy, or other hypersensitivity disorders, during and up to several hours after Magnevist injection.

5.3 Renal Failure In patients with renal impairment, acute renal failure (acute kidney injury) requiring dialysis or worsening renal function has occurred, mostly within 48 hours of Magnevist injection. The risk of acute renal failure is higher with increasing dose of contrast. Use the lowest possible dose, evaluate renal function in patients with renal impairment, and allow sufficient time for contrast elimination before re-administration. Elimination half-life in patients with mild or moderate renal impairment is 3 to 4 hours. Elimination half-life in patients with severe renal impairment is about 11 hours. Magnevist is cleared by glomerular filtration and is dialyzable. After 3 dialysis sessions of 3 hours each, about 97% of the administered dose is eliminated from the body; each dialysis session removes about 70% of the circulating drug [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3)].

5.4 Injection Site Reactions Skin and soft tissue necrosis, thrombosis, fasciitis, and compartment syndrome requiring surgical intervention (e.g. compartment release or amputation) have occurred very rarely at the site of contrast injection or the dosed limb. Total volume and rate of Magnevist injection, extravasation of contrast agent, and patient susceptibility might contribute to these reactions. Phlebitis and thrombophlebitis may be observed generally within 24 hours after Magnevist injection and resolve with supportive treatment. Determine the patency and integrity of the intravenous line before administration of Magnevist injection. Assessment of the dosed limb for the development of injection site reactions is recommended.

5.5 Interference with Visualization of Lesions Visible with Non-Contrast MRI As with any paramagnetic contrast agent, Magnevist injection might impair the visualization of lesions seen on non-contrast MRI. Therefore, caution should be exercised when Magnevist MRI scans are interpreted without a companion non-contrast MRI scan.

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

Clinical Trial Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The mean age of the 1272 patients who received Magnevist injection in pre-market clinical trials was 46.4 years (range 2 to 93 years). Of these patients, 55% (700) were male and 45% (572) were female. Of the 1271 patients who received Magnevist injection and for whom race was reported, 82.1% (1043) were Caucasian, 9.7% (123) were Black, 5.3% (67) were Hispanic, 2.1% (27) were Oriental/Asian, and 0.9% (11) were other.

The most common adverse reaction was headache (4.8%). The majority of headaches were transient and of mild to moderate severity. Other adverse reactions that occurred in ≥ 1% of patients included: nausea (2.7%), injection site coldness/localized coldness (2.3%) and dizziness (1%).

The following additional adverse reactions occurred in less than 1% of the patients:

General Disorders: Injection site reactions, including phlebitis, pain, localized warmth, localized edema, and burning sensation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.4)]. Substernal chest pain, back pain, pyrexia, asthenia, feeling cold, generalized warmth, fatigue, and chest tightness, and anaphylactoid reactions characterized by cardiovascular, respiratory and/or cutaneous symptoms, such as dyspnea, bronchospasm, and cough.

Cardiovascular: Hypotension, hypertension, tachycardia, migraine, syncope, vasodilatation, pallor.

Gastrointestinal: Abdominal discomfort, teeth pain, increased salivation, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea.

Nervous System: Agitation, anxiety, thirst, somnolence, diplopia, loss of consciousness, convulsions (including grand mal), paresthesia.

Respiratory System: Throat irritation, rhinitis, sneezing.

Skin: Rash, sweating (hyperhidrosis), pruritus, urticaria (hives), facial edema.

Special Senses: Conjunctivitis, taste abnormality, dry mouth, lacrimation, eye irritation, eye pain, ear pain.

Postmarketing Experience

The following additional adverse reactions have been identified during postmarketing use of Magnevist. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Anaphylactic shock, respiratory distress, and laryngeal edema [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)] Cardiac/respiratory arrest, shock Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)] The most frequently reported adverse reactions in the postmarketing experience were nausea, vomiting, urticaria, and rash.

General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions: Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1)], body temperature decreased, tremor, shivering (chills), injection site reactions including skin and soft tissue necrosis.

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reactions that may be fatal and include cardiac or respiratory arrest, respiratory distress, cyanosis, laryngeal edema, laryngospasm, pharyngeal edema, and angioedema [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2)].

Delayed hypersensitivity reactions have been reported up to several hours after administration of Magnevist.

Renal and Urinary: Acute renal failure, worsening renal impairment [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3)] urinary incontinence, urinary urgency.

Vascular: Thrombophlebitis, deep vein thrombophlebitis, compartment syndrome requiring surgical intervention.

Cardiac: Cardiac arrest, heart rate decreased, arrhythmia.

Ear and Labyrinth Disorders: Hearing impairment.

Eye Disorders: Visual disturbance.

Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorder: Arthralgia.

Nervous System Disorders: Coma, parosmia, speech disorder.

Respiratory System: Respiratory arrest, pulmonary edema.

Skin: Erythema multiforme, pustules

Drug Interactions

• There are no known drug interactions. Magnevist does not interfere with serum and plasma calcium measurements determined by colorimetric assays.

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA): C

• Adequate and well-controlled studies were not conducted in pregnant women. Magnevist injection should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus.

Gadopentetate dimeglumine retarded fetal development slightly when given intravenously for 10 consecutive days to pregnant rats at daily doses of 0.25, 0.75, and 1.25 mmol/kg (2.5, 7.5 and 12.5 times the human dose based on body weight) and when given intravenously for 13 consecutive days to pregnant rabbits at daily doses of 0.75 and 1.25 mmol/kg (7.5 and 12.5 times the human dose respectively, based on body weight) but not at daily doses of 0.25 mmol/kg. No congenital anomalies were noted in rats or rabbits.
Pregnancy Category (AUS):

• Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category

There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Gadopentetate in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Gadopentetate during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

Magnevist is excreted in human milk. Magnevist injection was administered intravenously to 18 lactating women with normal renal function at a dose of 0.1 mmol/kg body weight. In these women, less than 0.04% of the administered gadolinium was excreted into the breast milk during the 24-hour period following dosing. Breast milk obtained during the 24 hours following dosing revealed the average cumulative amount of gadolinium excreted in breast milk was 0.57+/-0.71 micromoles. The amount transferred from a 70 kg woman (receiving 0.1 mmol/kg body weight) to an infant by breastfeeding over a period of 24 hours translates into less than 3 micromoles of gadolinium.

The overall duration of excretion of gadolinium into breast milk is unknown. The extent of the absorption of Magnevist injection in infants and its effect on the breast-fed child remains unknown.

Pediatric Use

The use of Magnevist in imaging the central nervous system, extracranial/extraspinal tissues, and body have been established in the pediatric population from the ages of 2 to 16 years on the basis of adequate and well controlled clinical trials in adults and safety studies in this pediatric population [see Clinical Studies (14)].

Safety and efficacy in the pediatric population under the age of 2 years have not been established. Magnevist is eliminated primarily by the kidney. In a study with pediatric patients aged 2 months to < 2 years the pharmacokinetics (body weight-normalized clearance, body weight-normalized distribution volume, and terminal half-life) of gadopentetate were similar to adults.

Geriatic Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gadopentetate with respect to geriatric patients.

Gender

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gadopentetate with respect to specific gender populations.

Race

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gadopentetate with respect to specific racial populations.

Renal Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gadopentetate in patients with renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gadopentetate in patients with hepatic impairment.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Gadopentetate in women of reproductive potentials and males.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Gadopentetate in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

• Intravenous

Monitoring

There is limited information regarding Monitoring of Gadopentetate in the drug label.

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Gadopentetate in the drug label.

Overdosage

Systemic consequences associated with overdosage of Magnevist injection have not been reported.

Pharmacology

There is limited information regarding Gadopentetate Pharmacology in the drug label.

Mechanism of Action

Structure

File:Gadopentetate01.png

This image is provided by the National Library of Medicine.

Pharmacodynamics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacodynamics of Gadopentetate in the drug label.

Pharmacokinetics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacokinetics of Gadopentetate in the drug label.

Nonclinical Toxicology

There is limited information regarding Nonclinical Toxicology of Gadopentetate in the drug label.

Clinical Studies

There is limited information regarding Clinical Studies of Gadopentetate in the drug label.

How Supplied

Storage

There is limited information regarding Gadopentetate Storage in the drug label.

Images

Drug Images

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Patient Counseling Information

There is limited information regarding Patient Counseling Information of Gadopentetate in the drug label.

Precautions with Alcohol

• Alcohol-Gadopentetate interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

• ®

Look-Alike Drug Names

• A® — B®

Drug Shortage Status

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.

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