Dyspareunia pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} {{AE}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[pathophysiology]] of genito-pelvic pain/ penetration disorder(GPPPD) can be considered as multifactorial, [[multisystemic]], or [[complex]]. | |||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
[[Pathophysiology]] of [[sexual pain disorders]] can be considered as:<ref> 10.1007/978-3-319-52539-6_20</ref><ref name="pmid24811097">{{cite journal |vauthors=Graziottin A, Skaper SD, Fusco M |title=Mast cells in chronic inflammation, pelvic pain and depression in women |journal=Gynecol. Endocrinol. |volume=30 |issue=7 |pages=472–7 |date=July 2014 |pmid=24811097 |doi=10.3109/09513590.2014.911280 |url=}}</ref> | [[Pathophysiology]] of [[sexual pain disorders]] in female can be considered as:<ref> 10.1007/978-3-319-52539-6_20</ref><ref name="pmid24811097">{{cite journal |vauthors=Graziottin A, Skaper SD, Fusco M |title=Mast cells in chronic inflammation, pelvic pain and depression in women |journal=Gynecol. Endocrinol. |volume=30 |issue=7 |pages=472–7 |date=July 2014 |pmid=24811097 |doi=10.3109/09513590.2014.911280 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*'''Multifactorial''' | *'''Multifactorial''' | ||
*'''Multisystemic''' | *'''Multisystemic''' | ||
*'''Complex''' | *'''Complex''' | ||
'''Multifactorial''': | '''Multifactorial''': | ||
*[[Biological]], [[psychosexual]], relational factors can coexist in a woman complaining of [[Coitus|coital]] pain. Over time, these different factors may act as predisposing, precipitating, or perpetuating sexual pain disorders.<br> | *[[Biological]], [[psychosexual]], relational factors can coexist and interact to perpetuate and maintain a woman’s pain response in a woman complaining of [[Coitus|coital]] pain. Over time, these different factors may act as predisposing, precipitating, or perpetuating sexual pain disorders.<br> | ||
'''Multisystemic''': sexual function involves: | '''Multisystemic''': sexual function involves: | ||
*[[Nervous system]] | *[[Nervous system]] | ||
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*[[Vascular system]] | *[[Vascular system]] | ||
*[[Immunological system|Immunological systems]] | *[[Immunological system|Immunological systems]] | ||
*[[Vaginal]] ecosystem: Vaginal receptiveness may be further modulated by; psychosexual, [[mental]], [[interpersonal]] factors that may result in poor arousal with [[vaginal dryness]]. Fear of penetration, general [[muscular]] arousal secondary to [[anxiety]], defensive [[contraction]] of the peri-vaginal [[muscles]], leading to lifelong [[vaginismus]].<br> | *[[Vaginal]] ecosystem: Vaginal receptiveness may be further modulated by; psychosexual, [[mental]], [[interpersonal]] factors that may result in poor [[arousal]] with [[vaginal dryness]]. Fear of penetration, general [[muscular]] arousal secondary to [[anxiety]], defensive [[contraction]] of the peri-vaginal [[muscles]], leading to lifelong [[vaginismus]].<br> | ||
'''Complex:'''Coital pain is greater than the simple peripheral [[tissue]] damage that may initially trigger the [[nociceptive]] component. When It becomes [[chronic]], the [[pathophysiology]] of pain may gradually shift from [[nociceptive]], a friend signal that should induce self-protection and defense, to [[neuropathic]], with progressive involvement of the [[CNS]].<ref> 10.1007/978-3-319-52539-6_20</ref> | '''Complex:'''Coital pain is greater than the simple peripheral [[tissue]] damage that may initially trigger the [[nociceptive]] component. When It becomes [[chronic]], the [[pathophysiology]] of pain may gradually shift from [[nociceptive]], a friend signal that should induce self-protection and defense, to [[neuropathic]], with progressive involvement of the [[CNS]].<ref> 10.1007/978-3-319-52539-6_20</ref> | ||
* If pain is due to a physical cause, the [[pathophysiology]] of the underlying cause should be considered. | |||
The [[pathophysiology]] of [[dyspareunia]] in males depends on the underlying cause, psychosexual and relational factors. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Latest revision as of 16:44, 28 September 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
pathophysiology of genito-pelvic pain/ penetration disorder(GPPPD) can be considered as multifactorial, multisystemic, or complex.
Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology of sexual pain disorders in female can be considered as:[1][2]
- Multifactorial
- Multisystemic
- Complex
Multifactorial:
- Biological, psychosexual, relational factors can coexist and interact to perpetuate and maintain a woman’s pain response in a woman complaining of coital pain. Over time, these different factors may act as predisposing, precipitating, or perpetuating sexual pain disorders.
Multisystemic: sexual function involves:
- Nervous system
- Endocrine system
- Vascular system
- Immunological systems
- Vaginal ecosystem: Vaginal receptiveness may be further modulated by; psychosexual, mental, interpersonal factors that may result in poor arousal with vaginal dryness. Fear of penetration, general muscular arousal secondary to anxiety, defensive contraction of the peri-vaginal muscles, leading to lifelong vaginismus.
Complex:Coital pain is greater than the simple peripheral tissue damage that may initially trigger the nociceptive component. When It becomes chronic, the pathophysiology of pain may gradually shift from nociceptive, a friend signal that should induce self-protection and defense, to neuropathic, with progressive involvement of the CNS.[3]
- If pain is due to a physical cause, the pathophysiology of the underlying cause should be considered.
The pathophysiology of dyspareunia in males depends on the underlying cause, psychosexual and relational factors.