Mycobacterium abscessus: Difference between revisions

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{{Taxobox
__NOTOC__
| color = lightgrey
{{Mycobacterium abscessus}}
| name = ''Mycobacterium abscessus''
| regnum = [[Bacterium|Bacteria]]
| phylum = [[Actinobacteria]]
| ordo = [[Actinomycetales]]
| subordo = [[Corynebacterineae]]
| familia = [[Mycobacterium|Mycobacteriaceae]]
| genus = ''[[Mycobacterium]]''
| species = '''''M. abscessus'''''
| binomial = ''Mycobacterium abscessus''
| binomial_authority = Kusonoki and Ezaki 1992 ATCC 19977
}}
{{SI}}


{{CMG}}
{{About1|Mycobacterium abscessus causes}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Rim}}


{{SK}} M. abcessus
{{SK}} M. abcessus, non tuberculous mycobacterium, NTM, rapidly growing mycobacterium, RGM


==Overview==
==[[Mycobacterium abscessus overview|Overview]]==
Mycobacterium abscessus is a rapidly growing [[mycobacterium]] that is a common water contaminant.  It was until recently (1992) thought to be a subspecies of [[Mycobacterium chelonae]].  ''M. abcessus'' can cause chronic lung disease, post-traumatic wound infections, and disseminated cutaneous diseases, mostly in patients with suppressed immune systems.


==Pathophysiology==
==[[Mycobacterium abscessus historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==


===Microscopy===
==[[Mycobacterium abscessus causes|Causes]]==
*Gram-positive, nonmotile and acid-fast rods (1.0-2.5µm x 0.5µm).


===Colony characteristics===
==[[Mycobacterium abscessus epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==
*Colonies on Löwenstein-Jensen media may occur as smooth as well as rough, white or greyish and nonphotochromogenic.


===Physiology===
==[[Mycobacterium abscessus risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
*Growth at 28°C and 37°C after 7 days but not at 43°C.
*On MacConkey agar at 28°C and even 37°C.
*Tolerance to 5% NaCl and 500mg/l hydroxylamine (Ogawa egg medium) and 0.2% picrate (Sauton agar medium).
*Positive degradation of p-aminosalicylate.
*Production of arylsulfatase but not of nitrate reductase and Tween 80 hydrolase.
*Negative iron uptake test. No utilisation of fructose, glucose, oxalate and citrate as sole carbon sources.


===Differential characteristics===
==[[Mycobacterium abscessus natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
*M. abscessus and M. chelonae can be distinguished from M. fortuitum or M. peregrinum by their failure to reduce nitrate and to take up iron.
*Tolerance to 5% NaCl in Löwenstein-Jensen media tolerance to 0.2% picrate in Sauton agar and non-utilisation of citrate as a sole carbon source are characteristics that distinguish M. abscessus from M. chelonae.
*M. abscessus and M. chelonae sequevar I share an identical sequence in the 54-510 region of 16S rRNA, However, both species can be differentiated by their hsp65 or ITS sequences


===Type Strain===
==Diagnosis==
ATCC 19977 = CCUG 20993 = CIP 104536 = DSM 44196 = JCM 13569 = NCTC 13031
[[Mycobacterium abscessus diagnostic criteria|Diagnostic Criteria]] | [[Mycobacterium abscessus history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Mycobacterium abscessus physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Mycobacterium abscessus laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Mycobacterium abscessus chest X ray|Chest X Ray]] | [[Mycobacterium abscessus other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]]


==Risk Factors==
==Treatment==
The infection tends to occur in patients with chronic lung disease, post-traumatic wound infections, post-tympanostomy tube [[otitis media]], and as a disseminated cutaneous diseases in patients of immune suppression.
[[Mycobacterium abscessus medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Mycobacterium abscessus surgery|Surgery]] | [[Mycobacterium abscessus primary prevention|Primary Prevention]]
 
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
*'''Kusunoki,S.,T. Ezaki.''' 1992. Proposal of Mycobacterium peregrinum sp. nov., nom. rev., and elevation of Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. abscessus (Kubica et al.) to species status: Mycobacterium abscessus comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 42, 240-245.


[[Category:Acid fast bacilli]]
[[Category:Acid fast bacilli]]
[[Category:Corynebacterineae]]
[[Category:Nontuberculous mycobacteria]]
[[Category:Nontuberculous mycobacteria]]
[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 


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Latest revision as of 18:08, 18 September 2017

Mycobacterium Abscessus Microchapters

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This page is about clinical aspects of the disease.  For microbiologic aspects of the causative organism(s), see Mycobacterium abscessus causes.

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and keywords: M. abcessus, non tuberculous mycobacterium, NTM, rapidly growing mycobacterium, RGM

Overview

Historical Perspective

Causes

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Chest X Ray | Other Imaging Findings

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention


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