Magnesium citrate: Difference between revisions

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{{DrugProjectFormSinglePage
|authorTag={{KS}}
|OTC=Yes
|genericName=magnesium citrate
|aOrAn=a
|drugClass=laxative
|indicationType=treatment
|indication=[[constipation]], magnesium deficiency
|adverseReactions=[[diarrhea]], [[asthenia]], [[dizziness]], [[hypermagnesemia]]
|blackBoxWarningTitle=<span style="color:#FF0000;">ConditionName: </span>
|blackBoxWarningBody=<i><span style="color:#FF0000;">ConditionName: </span></i>


* Content
<!--Adult Indications and Dosage-->
<!--FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)-->
|fdaLIADAdult===Indications==
* For relief of occasional constipation (irregularity). Generally produces bowel movement in 1/2 to 6 hours
==Dosing==
* Adults and children 12 years of age and over - 6.5 to 10 fl oz in 24 hours
* Drink a full glass (8 ounces) of liquid with each dose
* May be taken as a single daily dose or in divided doses
|offLabelAdultGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of magnesium citrate in adult patients.
|offLabelAdultNoGuideSupport===Indications==
* Constipation
* Magnesium deficiency; Prophylaxis
|fdaLIADPed===Indication==
* For relief of occasional constipation (irregularity). Generally produces bowel movement in 1/2 to 6 hours
==Dosage==
* Children 6 to under 12 years of age - 3 to 7 fl oz maximum 7 fl oz in 24 hours
* Children 2 to under 6 years of age - 2 to 3 fl oz
* Children under 2 years of age - ask a doctor
* Drink a full glass (8 ounces) of liquid with each dose
* May be taken as a single daily dose or in divided doses
|offLabelPedGuideSupport=There is limited information regarding <i>Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use</i> of magnesium citrate in pediatric patients.
|offLabelPedNoGuideSupport===Indication==
* Constipation
* Magnesium deficiency; Prophylaxis
|contraindications=There is limited information regarding <i>Contraindications</i> of magnesium citrate in adult patients.
|clinicalTrials=There is limited information regarding <i>Clinical Trial Experience</i> of magnesium citrate in the drug label.
|postmarketing='''Common'''
Gastrointestinal: [[diarrhea]]
Neurologic: [[asthenia]], [[dizziness]]
'''Serious'''
Endocrine metabolic: [[hypermagnesemia]]
Respiratory: [[hypoventilation]] (rare)
|useInPregnancyAUS=* '''Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category'''
There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of magnesium citrate in women who are pregnant.
|useInLaborDelivery=There is no FDA guidance on use of {{PAGENAME}} during labor and delivery.
|useInNursing=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to nursing mothers.
|useInPed=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to pediatric patients.
|useInGeri=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to geriatric patients.
|useInGender=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to specific gender populations.
|useInRace=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} with respect to specific racial populations.
|useInRenalImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with renal impairment.
|useInHepaticImpair=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients with hepatic impairment.
|useInReproPotential=There is no FDA guidance on the use of {{PAGENAME}} in women of reproductive potentials and males.
|useInImmunocomp=There is no FDA guidance one the use of {{PAGENAME}} in patients who are immunocompromised.
<!--Administration and Monitoring-->
|administration=* Oral
|monitoring=There is limited information regarding <i>Monitoring</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.




{{chembox new
| ImageFile = Magnesium citrate.png
| ImageSize = 200px
| IUPACName = Magnesium citrate
| OtherNames =
| Formula = C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>6</sub>O<sub>7</sub>Mg
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| Abbreviations =
| CASNo = 7779-25-1
| EINECS = 231-923-9
| PubChem = 24511
| SMILES = [Mg+2].O=C([O-])CC(O)(CC(=O)[O-])C(O)=O
| InChI =
| RTECS =
| MeSHName =
| ChEBI =
| KEGG =
| ATCCode_prefix =
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| ATC_Supplemental =}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| MolarMass = 214.41 g/mol
| Appearance =
| Density =
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{{SI}}
'''Magnesium citrate''' is a chemical agent used medicinally as a saline [[laxative]] and to empty the bowel prior to a surgery or [[colonoscopy]]. It is available over the counter, both as a generic brand or under the brand name ''Citromag'' or ''Citroma''. It is also used as a magnesium supplement in pills. The magnesium content of magnesium citrate corresponds to about 11%.


Magnesium citrate works by attracting water through the tissues by a process known as [[osmosis]]. Once in the intestine, it can attract enough water into the intestine to induce defecation. The additional water also helps to create more feces, which naturally stimulates bowel motility. This means it can also be used to treat rectal and colon problems. Magnesium citrate functions best on an empty stomach, and should always be followed with a full (eight ounce) glass of water or juice to help the magnesium citrate absorb properly and help prevent any complications. Magnesium citrate is generally not a harmful substance, but care should be taken to consult with a health professional if any adverse health problems are suspected or felt.
<!--IV Compatibility-->
|IVCompat=There is limited information regarding <i>IV Compatibility</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.


== Dosage ==
<!--Overdosage-->
As a laxative syrup with a concentration of 1.745g per fl. oz, a typical dose for adults and children twelve years or older is seven to ten fluid ounces (the latter being 300 mL), followed immediately with a full eight fluid-ounce glass of water. For children between three and twelve years of age, the typical dose is roughly half that, based on physician recommendation. Magnesium citrate is not recommended for use in children and infants two years of age or less.
|mechAction=*
As a magnesium supplement, a typical dose is 150-250 milligrams a day. Extremely high doses, e.g. 650 milligrams, have been used in the prophylaxis of migraines, in combination with [[riboflavin]] and, sometimes, low doses of [[amitriptyline]].
|structure=<!--Pharmacodynamics-->
It is always important to correctly follow the doses prescribed by your doctor or physician.
|PD=There is limited information regarding <i>Pharmacodynamics</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.


== Contraindications and precautions ==
<!--Pharmacokinetics-->
|PK=There is limited information regarding <i>Pharmacokinetics</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.


Do not use magnesium citrate solutions if you are on a low salt diet since those syrups usually contain a high level of sodium, under the form of [[sodium bicarbonate]].
<!--Nonclinical Toxicology-->
|nonClinToxic=There is limited information regarding <i>Nonclinical Toxicology</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.


Ask a doctor before use if you have:
<!--Clinical Studies-->
* kidney disease
|clinicalStudies=There is limited information regarding <i>Clinical Studies</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.
* a magnesium or sodium-restricted diet
* abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting
* noticed a sudden change in bowels habits that persists over a period of two (2) weeks
* already used a laxative for a period longer than one (1) week


Ask a doctor or a pharmacist before use if you are taking any other drug. Take magnesium citrate solutions two (2) or more hours before or after any other drugs. Laxatives may affect how other drugs work.
<!--How Supplied-->
|howSupplied=*
|packLabel=<!--Patient Counseling Information-->
|fdaPatientInfo=There is limited information regarding <i>Patient Counseling Information</i> of {{PAGENAME}} in the drug label.


If pregnant or breast-feeding, ask a health professional before to use magnesium citrate solutions.
<!--Precautions with Alcohol-->
|alcohol=* Alcohol-{{PAGENAME}} interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.


== Symptoms and effects ==
<!--Brand Names-->
|brandNames=* Citrate Of Magnesia
* Dulcolax Bowel Cleansing Kit
* Swan Citroma
|lookAlike=* A® — B®<ref name="www.ismp.org">{{Cite web  | last = | first =  | title = http://www.ismp.org | url = http://www.ismp.org | publisher =  | date =  }}</ref>


Magnesium citrate solutions generally produces bowel movement in half (½) to six (6) hours.
<!--Drug Shortage Status-->
|drugShortage=
}}
{{PillImage
|fileName=No image.jpg
}}
{{LabelImage
|fileName=Magnesium fig01.jpg
}}
{{LabelImage
|fileName=Magnesium citrate ingredients and appearance.png
}}
<!--Pill Image-->


Stop use and ask a doctor if you have rectal bleeding or failure to have a bowel movement after use. These could be signs of a serious condition.


== Taste and appearance ==


Magnesium citrate can be clear or colored, due to the flavoring agents.  Magnesium citrate generally comes in lemon or lemon-lime flavor, but can come in cherry, orange and grape as well. It has an extremely sour taste, but chilling it in the refrigerator or pouring it over a glass of ice can help with the unpleasant taste. Only the lemon or lemon-lime flavors should be used in preparation for a colonoscopy, as the other colors are produced with dyes that would produce false indications in the scan. When dry, magnesium citrate is a white powder.
<!--Label Display Image-->






==See also==
* [[ATC code A12]]


==External links==
*[http://www.drugs.com/cdi/magnesium-citrate-solution.html Magnesium Citrate Solution]
*[http://www.medicinenet.com/laxatives_for_constipation/page5.htm#8salinelaxatives Saline laxatives]
*[http://www.drugs.com/cons/magnesium-citrate.html Consumer information]
*[http://www.drugs.com/ppa/magnesium-citrate.html Professional information]


{{Mineral supplements}}
<!--Category-->


[[Category:Magnesium compounds]]
[[Category:Laxatives]]
[[Category:Citrates]]
[[Category:Citrates]]
[[Category:Laxatives]]
[[Category:Drug]]
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
 
[[de:Magnesiumcitrat]]
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{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 19:11, 9 March 2015

Magnesium citrate
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]

Disclaimer

WikiDoc MAKES NO GUARANTEE OF VALIDITY. WikiDoc is not a professional health care provider, nor is it a suitable replacement for a licensed healthcare provider. WikiDoc is intended to be an educational tool, not a tool for any form of healthcare delivery. The educational content on WikiDoc drug pages is based upon the FDA package insert, National Library of Medicine content and practice guidelines / consensus statements. WikiDoc does not promote the administration of any medication or device that is not consistent with its labeling. Please read our full disclaimer here.
NOTE: Most over the counter (OTC) are not reviewed and approved by the FDA. However, they may be marketed if they comply with applicable regulations and policies. FDA has not evaluated whether this product complies.

Overview

Magnesium citrate is a laxative that is FDA approved for the treatment of constipation, magnesium deficiency. Common adverse reactions include diarrhea, asthenia, dizziness, hypermagnesemia.

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

Indications

  • For relief of occasional constipation (irregularity). Generally produces bowel movement in 1/2 to 6 hours

Dosing

  • Adults and children 12 years of age and over - 6.5 to 10 fl oz in 24 hours
  • Drink a full glass (8 ounces) of liquid with each dose
  • May be taken as a single daily dose or in divided doses

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of magnesium citrate in adult patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Indications

  • Constipation
  • Magnesium deficiency; Prophylaxis

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

Indication

  • For relief of occasional constipation (irregularity). Generally produces bowel movement in 1/2 to 6 hours

Dosage

  • Children 6 to under 12 years of age - 3 to 7 fl oz maximum 7 fl oz in 24 hours
  • Children 2 to under 6 years of age - 2 to 3 fl oz
  • Children under 2 years of age - ask a doctor
  • Drink a full glass (8 ounces) of liquid with each dose
  • May be taken as a single daily dose or in divided doses

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of magnesium citrate in pediatric patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

Indication

  • Constipation
  • Magnesium deficiency; Prophylaxis

Contraindications

There is limited information regarding Contraindications of magnesium citrate in adult patients.

Warnings

There is limited information regarding Magnesium citrate Warnings' in the drug label.

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

There is limited information regarding Clinical Trial Experience of magnesium citrate in the drug label.

Postmarketing Experience

Common Gastrointestinal: diarrhea Neurologic: asthenia, dizziness

Serious Endocrine metabolic: hypermagnesemia Respiratory: hypoventilation (rare)

Drug Interactions

There is limited information regarding Magnesium citrate Drug Interactions in the drug label.

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA): There is no FDA guidance on usage of Magnesium citrate in women who are pregnant.
Pregnancy Category (AUS):

  • Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) Pregnancy Category

There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of magnesium citrate in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Magnesium citrate during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium citrate with respect to nursing mothers.

Pediatric Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium citrate with respect to pediatric patients.

Geriatic Use

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium citrate with respect to geriatric patients.

Gender

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium citrate with respect to specific gender populations.

Race

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium citrate with respect to specific racial populations.

Renal Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium citrate in patients with renal impairment.

Hepatic Impairment

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium citrate in patients with hepatic impairment.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

There is no FDA guidance on the use of Magnesium citrate in women of reproductive potentials and males.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Magnesium citrate in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

  • Oral

Monitoring

There is limited information regarding Monitoring of Magnesium citrate in the drug label.

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding IV Compatibility of Magnesium citrate in the drug label.

Overdosage

There is limited information regarding Magnesium citrate overdosage. If you suspect drug poisoning or overdose, please contact the National Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) immediately.

Pharmacology

There is limited information regarding Magnesium citrate Pharmacology in the drug label.

Mechanism of Action

Structure

There is limited information regarding Magnesium citrate Structure in the drug label.

Pharmacodynamics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacodynamics of Magnesium citrate in the drug label.

Pharmacokinetics

There is limited information regarding Pharmacokinetics of Magnesium citrate in the drug label.

Nonclinical Toxicology

There is limited information regarding Nonclinical Toxicology of Magnesium citrate in the drug label.

Clinical Studies

There is limited information regarding Clinical Studies of Magnesium citrate in the drug label.

How Supplied

Storage

There is limited information regarding Magnesium citrate Storage in the drug label.

Images

Drug Images

{{#ask: Page Name::Magnesium citrate |?Pill Name |?Drug Name |?Pill Ingred |?Pill Imprint |?Pill Dosage |?Pill Color |?Pill Shape |?Pill Size (mm) |?Pill Scoring |?NDC |?Drug Author |format=template |template=DrugPageImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Pill Name }}

Package and Label Display Panel

{{#ask: Label Page::Magnesium citrate |?Label Name |format=template |template=DrugLabelImages |mainlabel=- |sort=Label Page }}

Patient Counseling Information

There is limited information regarding Patient Counseling Information of Magnesium citrate in the drug label.

Precautions with Alcohol

  • Alcohol-Magnesium citrate interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

  • Citrate Of Magnesia
  • Dulcolax Bowel Cleansing Kit
  • Swan Citroma

Look-Alike Drug Names

Drug Shortage Status

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.

  1. ↑ "http://www.ismp.org". External link in |title= (help)

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