Group 4 element
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| Group | 4 |
| Period | |
| 4 | 22 Ti |
| 5 | 40 Zr |
| 6 | 72 Hf |
| 7 | 104 Rf |
In modern IUPAC nomenclature, Group 4 of the periodic table contains the following chemical elements:
- titanium (Ti)
- zirconium (Zr)
- hafnium (Hf)
- rutherfordium (Rf).
This group lies in the d-block of the periodic table. The group itself has not acquired a trivial name; it belongs to the broader grouping of the transition metals.
These elements are hard refractory metals. Titanium's mechanical properties make it useful in alloys. All isotopes of rutherfordium are radioactive, and have been synthesized in the laboratory, none of them have been found occurring in nature.
Biological occurances
The group 4 elements are not known to be involved in the biological chemistry of any living systems. They are hard refractory metals with low acqueous solubility and low availability to the biosphere. Titanium is one of the few first row d-block transition metals with no known biological role. Rutherfordium's radioactivity would make it toxic to living cells.
| Explanation of right-hand periodic table slice: | Transition metals | atomic number in black are solids |
| solid borders are older than the Earth (Primordial elements) | dotted borders are made artificially (Synthetic elements) |
Periodic tables | |
|---|---|
| Layouts | Standard · Vertical · Full names · Names and atomic masses · Text for last · Huge table · Metals and nonmetals · Blocks · Valences · Inline f-block · 218 elements · Electron configurations · Atomic masses · Electronegativities · Alternatives |
| Lists of elements | Name · Atomic symbol · Atomic number · Boiling point · Melting point · Density · Atomic mass |
| Groups | 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 · 9 · 10 · 11 · 12 · 13 · 14 · 15 · 16 · 17 · 18 |
| Periods: | 1 · 2 · 3 · 4 · 5 · 6 · 7 · 8 |
| Series | Alkalis · Alkaline earths · Lanthanides · Actinides · Transition metals · Poor metals · Metalloids · Nonmetals · Halogens · Noble gases |
| Blocks | s-block · p-block · d-block · f-block · g-block |
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Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
