Tensor tympani
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| Tensor tympani | |
|---|---|
 | |
| The right membrana tympani with the hammer and the chorda tympani, viewed from within, from behind, and from above. | |
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| The medial wall and part of the posterior and anterior walls of the right tympanic cavity, lateral view. (Label for "Tensor tympani muscle" is at right, second from bottom.) | |
| Bones and muscles in the tympanic cavity in the middle ear | |
| Latin | musculus tensor tympani |
| Gray's | subject #231 1046 |
| Origin | auditory tube |
| Insertion | handle of the malleus |
| Artery: | superior tympanic artery |
| Nerve: | medial pterygoid nerve from the mandibular nerve (V) |
| Action: | tensing the tympanic membrane |
| Dorlands /Elsevier | m_22/12551096 |
The tensor tympani, the larger of the two muscles of the tympanic cavity, is contained in the bony canal above the osseous portion of the auditory tube, from which it is separated by the septum canalis musculotubarii.
Origin and insertion
It arises from the cartilaginous portion of the auditory tube and the adjoining part of the great wing of the sphenoid, as well as from the osseous canal in which it is contained.
Passing backward through the canal, it ends in a slender tendon which enters the tympanic cavity, makes a sharp bend around the extremity of the septum, and is inserted into the manubrium of the malleus, near its root.
Function
When tensed, the action of the muscle is to pull the malleus medially, tensing the tympanic membrane, damping vibration in the ear ossicles and thereby reducing the amplitude of sounds. This muscle is contracted primarily to dampen the noise produced by chewing. (Compare to the more general dampening function of the stapedius muscle.)
Innervation
Innervation of the muscle is from branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (V), by way of the Otic ganglion.
Additional images
 Base of skull. Inferior surface. |
 External and middle ear, opened from the front. Right side. |
 View of the inner wall of the tympanum (enlarged.) |
 Auditory tube, laid open by a cut in its long axis. |
This article was originally based on an entry from a public domain edition of Gray's Anatomy. As such, some of the information contained herein may be outdated. Please edit the article if this is the case, and feel free to remove this notice when it is no longer relevant.
External links
- LUC tt
- tensor+tympani+muscle at eMedicine Dictionary
- McGill
 | This muscle article is a stub. You can help WikiDoc by expanding it. |
Sensory system: Auditory and Vestibular systems | |
|---|---|
| Outer ear | pinna (Helix, Antihelix, Tragus, Antitragus, Earlobe) • Ear canal |
| Middle ear | Eardrum (Umbo) • Ossicles (Malleus, Incus & Stapes) • muscles (Stapedius, Tensor tympani) • Eustachian tube (Torus tubarius) |
| Inner ear/Labyrinth | Bony labyrinth (Vestibule) • Membranous labyrinth Oval window • Helicotrema • Round window Cochlea: Spiral ganglion • Modiolus • Cochlear duct/scala media (Endolymph, Stria vascularis, Spiral ligament, Organ of Corti) • Scala vestibuli and Scala tympani (Perilymph) Reissner's/vestibular membrane • Basilar membrane • Tectorial membrane Organ of Corti: Hair cells • Stereocilia • Sulcus spiralis (externus, internus) • Limbus spiralis |
| Vestibular system | Static/translations: Utricle (Macula) - Saccule (Macula, Endolymphatic sac, Endolymphatic duct) - Kinocilium - Otolith Kinetic/rotations: Semicircular canals (Superior, Posterior, Horizontal) • Cupula • Ampullae (Crista ampullaris) |
| Brain (auditory) | Cochlear nerve VIII → Cochlear nuclei → Trapezoid body → Superior olivary nuclei → Lateral lemniscus → Inferior colliculi → Medial geniculate nuclei → Primary auditory cortex |
fr:Muscle du marteau hu:Musculus tensor tympanicus nl:Musculus tensor tympani sr:Мишић затезач бубне опне
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
