Pulmonary hypertension risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ralph Matar; Rim Halaby, M.D. [2]

Overview

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a multifactorial disease involving genetic and environmental risk factors. Risk factors for pulmonary arterial hypertension include BMPR2 mutation, connective tissue disease, HIV infection, portal hypertension, fenfluramine use, and congenital heart disease with a shunt. Left heart and lung diseases are risk factors for PH. Patients with a hypercoagulable state (such as the presence of lupus anticoagulant, deficiency of protein C, protein S, or antithrombin III, chronic inflammatory disorders, myeloproliferative syndromes, and splenectomy) are at an increased risk for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Risk Factors

Risk factors of pulmonary hypertension are divided as follows:[1]

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Shown below is a table summarizing the list of drugs associated with PAH:

Definite risk Possible risk Likely risk Unlikely risk

Pulmonary hypertension due to Left Heart Disease

Pulmonary Hypertension due to Lung Diseases and/or Hypoxia

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension

PH with Unclear and/or Multifactorial Mechanisms

References

  1. McLaughlin, VV.; Archer, SL.; Badesch, DB.; Barst, RJ.; Farber, HW.; Lindner, JR.; Mathier, MA.; McGoon, MD.; Park, MH. (2009). "ACCF/AHA 2009 expert consensus document on pulmonary hypertension: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Task Force on Expert Consensus Documents and the American Heart Association: developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians, American Thoracic Society, Inc., and the Pulmonary Hypertension Association". Circulation. 119 (16): 2250–94. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.192230. PMID 19332472. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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