Pterin
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| Pterin | |
|---|---|
| Image:Pterin structure.png | |
| IUPAC name | 2-amino-1H-pteridin-4-one |
| Other names | Pteridoxamine Pterine 4-Oxopterin 2-Amino-4-pteridone 2-Amino-4-hydroxypteridine 2-Amino-4-oxopteridine 2-aminopteridin-4-ol 2-Amino-4-pteridinol |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| SMILES | C1=CN=C2C(=N1)C(=O)N=C(N2)N |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C6H5N5O |
| Molar mass | 163.14 g mol-1 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | |
Pterin is a chemical compound composed of a pyrazine ring and a pyrimidine ring; the pyrimidine ring has a carbonyl oxygen and an amino group. Several tautomers of pterin exist and are shown below. Pterin belongs to the pteridine family of heterocycles.
Pterins were first discovered in the pigments of butterfly wings (hence the origin of their name, from the Greek pteron, wing) and perform many roles in coloration in the biological world. Pterins also function as cofactors in enzymatic catalysis.
Folates, “conjugated” pterins which contain para-aminobenzoic acid and glutamates in addition to the pterin ring system, are critical compounds in a large number of biological group transfer reactions. These folate-dependent biosynthetic reactions include transfer of methyl groups to homocystine in the S-adenosyl methionine cycle and formyl groups to N-formylmethionine in initiator tRNAs.
Contents |
Tautomers of pterin
Pterin2.png
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Pterin3.png
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Pterin5.png
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Pterin.png
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Pterin4.png
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Biosynthesis
The biosynthesis of pterins begins with the molecule guanosine triphosphate (GTP); the enzyme which controls the conversion of GTP to pterin, GTP cyclohydrolase I, is found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Other pterins
Pterin can exist in many different forms in nature depending on its function. Tetrahydrobiopterin, the major unconjugated pterin in vertebrates, is a co-factor in the hydroxylation of aromatic compounds and synthesis of nitric oxide. Molybdopterin is a substituted pterin that binds molybdenum to give redox enzymes involved in biological hydroxylations, reduction of nitrate, and respiratory oxidation. Tetrahydromethanopterin is used in methanogenic organisms. Cyanopterin is a glycosylated version of pterin of unknown function in cyanobacteria.
See also
External links
de:PterinAcknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
