Polyketide

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Polyketides are secondary metabolites from bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. Secondary metabolites seem to be unnecessary for an organism’s ontogeny, but appear to have applications such as defence and intercellular communication. Polyketides are derived from the polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits in a similar process to fatty acid synthesis. They also serve as building blocks for a broad range of natural products or are derivatized.

Polyketides are structurally a very diverse family of natural products with an extremely broad range of biological activities and pharmacological properties. Polyketide antibiotics, antifungals, cytostatics, anticholesterolemics, antiparasitics, coccidiostatics, animal growth promotants and natural insecticides are in commercial use.

Examples

• Macrolides
  • Picromycin, the first isolated macrolide (1950)
  • The antibiotics erythromycin A, clarithromycin, and azithromycin
  • The immunosuppressant tacrolimus (FK506)
• Polyene antibiotics
  • Amphotericin
• Tetracyclines
  • The tetracycline family of antibiotics
• Others
  • Discodermolide

Biosynthesis

Polyketides are synthesized by one or more specialized polyketide synthase (PKS) enzymes.

See also

• Esterase
• Nonribosomal peptide

Cost Effectiveness of Polyketide

| group5 = Clinical Trials Involving Polyketide | list5 = Ongoing Trials on Polyketide at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Polyketide • Clinical Trials on Polyketide at Google

| group6 = Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Polyketide | list6 = US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Polyketide • NICE Guidance on Polyketide • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Polyketide • CDC on Polyketide

| group7 = Textbook Information on Polyketide | list7 = Books and Textbook Information on Polyketide

| group8 = Pharmacology Resources on Polyketide | list8 = AND (Dose)}} Dosing of Polyketide • AND (drug interactions)}} Drug interactions with Polyketide • AND (side effects)}} Side effects of Polyketide • AND (Allergy)}} Allergic reactions to Polyketide • AND (overdose)}} Overdose information on Polyketide • AND (carcinogenicity)}} Carcinogenicity information on Polyketide • AND (pregnancy)}} Polyketide in pregnancy • AND (pharmacokinetics)}} Pharmacokinetics of Polyketide •

| group9 = Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Polyketide | list9 = AND (pharmacogenomics)}} Genetics of Polyketide • AND (pharmacogenomics)}} Pharmacogenomics of Polyketide • AND (proteomics)}} Proteomics of Polyketide

| group10 = Newstories on Polyketide | list10 = Polyketide in the news • Be alerted to news on Polyketide • News trends on Polyketide</small>

| group11 = Commentary on Polyketide | list11 = Blogs on Polyketide

| group12 = Patient Resources on Polyketide | list12 = Patient resources on Polyketide • Discussion groups on Polyketide • Patient Handouts on Polyketide • Directions to Hospitals Treating Polyketide • Risk calculators and risk factors for Polyketide

| group13 = Healthcare Provider Resources on Polyketide | list13 = Symptoms of Polyketide • Causes & Risk Factors for Polyketide • Diagnostic studies for Polyketide • Treatment of Polyketide

| group14 = Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Polyketide | list14 = CME Programs on Polyketide

| group15 = International Resources on Polyketide | list15 = Polyketide en Espanol • Polyketide en Francais

| group16 = Business Resources on Polyketide | list16 = Polyketide in the Marketplace • Patents on Polyketide

| group17 = Informatics Resources on Polyketide | list17 = List of terms related to Polyketide

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