Podophyllotoxin
You don't need to be Editor-In-Chief to add or edit content to WikiDoc. You can begin to add to or edit text on this WikiDoc page by clicking on the edit button at the top of this page. Next enter or edit the information that you would like to appear here. Once you are done editing, scroll down and click the Save page button at the bottom of the page.
| Image:Podophyllotoxin.png | |
| Podophyllotoxin
| |
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 5,8,8a,9-Tetrahydro-9-hydroxy-5- (3,4,5-trimethoxylphenyl) furo [3',4':6,7] naphtho [2,3,d]-1,3-dioxol-6(5aH)-one | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | D06 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C22H22O8 |
| Mol. mass | 414.405 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | 1.0 to 4.5 hours. |
| Excretion | ? |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
? |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | ? |
Podophyllotoxin, otherwise known as podofilox is a non-alkaloid toxin in the lignan family present at concentrations of 0.3 to 1.0% by mass in the rhizome of American Mayapple Podophyllum peltatum. Another common source of podophyllotoxin are the rhizomes of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle (Berberidaceae).
It is synthetised biologically from two molecules of coniferyl alcohol by phenolic oxidative coupling and a series of oxidations, reductions and methylations
The melting point of Podophyllotoxin is 183.3 - 184.0 °C.
Podophyllotoxin is the pharmacological base for the important anti-cancer drug Etoposide.
It is also used as a gel or solution to treat genital warts.
References
- Canel, C; Moraes, RM; Dayan, FE; Ferreira, D (2000). "Molecules of Interest: Podophyllotoxin". Phytochemistry 54 (2): 115-120.
- J. L. Hartwell, A. W. Schrecker (1951). "Components of Podophyllin. V. The Constitution of Podophyllotoxin". Journal of the American Chemical Society 73 (6): 2909 - 2916. doi:10.1021/ja01150a143.
Antibiotics and chemotherapeutics for dermatological use (D06) | |
|---|---|
| Antibiotics: tetracycline and derivatives | Demeclocycline - Chlortetracycline - Oxytetracycline - Tetracycline |
| Antibiotics: other | Fusidic acid - Chloramphenicol - Neomycin - Bacitracin - Gentamicin - Tyrothricin - Mupirocin - Nadifloxacin - Virginiamycin - Rifaximin - Amikacin |
| Chemotherapeutics: sulfonamides | Silver sulfadiazine - Sulfathiazole - Mafenide - Sulfamethizole - Sulfanilamide - Sulfamerazine |
| Chemotherapeutics: antivirals | Idoxuridine - Tromantadine - Aciclovir - Podophyllotoxin - Inosine - Penciclovir - Lysozyme - Ibacitabine - Edoxudine - Imiquimod - Docosanol |
| Chemotherapeutics: other | Metronidazole |
Antivirals, other than for HIV (primarily J05, also S01AD and D06BB) | |
|---|---|
| Anti-herpesvirus (DNA, I) | guanine analogues (Aciclovir, Famciclovir, Ganciclovir, Penciclovir, Valaciclovir, Valganciclovir) • nucleoside analogues (Idoxuridine, Trifluridine, Vidarabine) • Cidofovir • Docosanol • Fomivirsen • Foscarnet • Tromantadine |
| HPV/MC (DNA, I) | Imiquimod • Podophyllotoxin |
| Hepatitis B (DNA, VII) | Adefovir • Interferon alfa-2b • Pegylated interferon alfa-2a • Entecavir • Lamivudine • Telbivudine • Tenofovir† |
| Hepatitis C (RNA, IV) | Pegylated interferon alpha • Ribavirin • Taribavirin† • Boceprevir† |
| Picornavirus (RNA, IV) | Pleconaril† |
| Anti-influenza agents (RNA, V) | Arbidol
adamantane derivatives/M2 inhibitors (Amantadine, Rimantadine) neuraminidase inhibitors (Oseltamivir, Zanamivir, Peramivir†) |
| HIV (Reverse, VI) | See HIV pharm |
| Other antiviral agents | general (Inosine, Interferon) |
| †Undergoing clinical trials, not FDA approved. | |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
