Plantarflexion
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Plantarflexion is the movement which increases the angle between the foot and the leg, as when depressing an automobile pedal. The word "Plantar" translates as "toward the sole" ("Planta").
The movement in the opposite direction is Dorsiflexion.
The range of motion for Plantarflexion is usually indicated in the literature as 30° to 40°, but sometimes also 50°.
The nerves are primarily from S1 and S2.
Muscles
Primary muscles for Plantarflexion are:
- Posterior compartment of leg
- superficial
- gastrocnemius
- soleus
- plantaris (only weak participation)
- deep
- superficial
External links
- Plantarflexion at eMedicine Dictionary
- Diagram at gla.ac.uk
- Overview at exrx.net - ankle
- Overview exrx.net - foot
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| Types | fibrous: Gomphosis - Suture - Syndesmosis
cartilaginous: Synchondrosis - Symphysis synovial: Plane joint - 1° (Hinge joint, Pivot joint) - 2° (Condyloid joint, Saddle joint) - 3° (Ball and socket joint) by range of motion: Synarthrosis - Amphiarthrosis - Diarthrosis |
| Terminology | Kinesiology - Anatomical terms of motion - Agonist/Antagonist |
| Motions | general: Flexion/Extension - Adduction/Abduction - Internal rotation/External rotation - Elevation/Depression
specialized/upper limbs: Protraction/Retraction - Supination/Pronation specialized/lower limbs: Plantarflexion/Dorsiflexion - Eversion/Inversion |
| Components | Articular capsule (Synovial membrane, Fibrous membrane) - Synovial fluid - Bursa - Articular disk |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
