Pharyngitis pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Venkata Sivakrishna Kumar Pulivarthi M.B.B.S [2]Delband Yekta Moazami, M.D.[3]

Overview

The pathogenesis of the sore throat due to pharyngitis is poorly understood. The pharynx is often the first site of infection for many contagious diseases such as pharyngitis because pathogens such as viruses and bacteria often settle in the nasopharynx through inhalation or through droplets. Viral pharyngitis usually transmits from person to person through direct touch or through droplets transmission. The foreign invader reproduces rapidly after settling on the nasopharynx. Generally, pharyngitis is a primary disease, but may be associated with systemic disorders such as the acute retroviral syndrome, or part of a more generalized upper respiratory tract infection.

Pathophysiology

References

  1. Tsai HP, Kuo PH, Liu CC, Wang JR (2001). "Respiratory viral infections among pediatric inpatients and outpatients in Taiwan from 1997 to 1999". J Clin Microbiol. 39 (1): 111–8. doi:10.1128/JCM.39.1.111-118.2001. PMC 87689. PMID 11136758.
  2. Ferri, Fred (2005). Md consult/first consult 14-month subscription : combo retail pack. Place of publication not identified: Elsevier Saunders. ISBN 9781416026075.
  3. Kline JA, Runge JW (1994) Streptococcal pharyngitis: a review of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management. J Emerg Med 12 (5):665-80. PMID: 7989695
  4. Proud D, Naclerio RM, Gwaltney JM, Hendley JO (1990) Kinins are generated in nasal secretions during natural rhinovirus colds. J Infect Dis 161 (1):120-3. PMID: 2295843
  5. Bennett, John (2015). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 978-1455748013.
  6. Anjos LM, Marcondes MB, Lima MF, Mondelli AL, Okoshi MP (2014) Streptococcal acute pharyngitis. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 47 (4):409-13. PMID: 25229278
  7. Murray RC, Chennupati SK (2012) Chronic streptococcal and non-streptococcal pharyngitis. Infect Disord Drug Targets 12 (4):281-5. PMID: 22338589