Obesity overview

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Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Obesity from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

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Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

USPSTF Recommendations and Guidelines on Management of Obesity

2017 Guidelines for Screening of Obesity in Children and Adolescents

2012 Guidelines for Screening of Obesity in Adults

AHA/ACC/TOS Guidelines on Management of Overweight and Obesity

2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guidelines on Management of Overweight and Obesity

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Obesity is a condition in which the natural energy reserve, stored in the fatty tissue of humans and other mammals, is increased to a point where it is associated with certain health conditions or increased mortality.

Although obesity is an individual clinical condition, it is increasingly viewed as a serious and growing public health problem: excessive body weight has been shown to predispose to various diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus type 2, sleep apnea and osteoarthritis.[1][2]

Obesity is characterized as a state of excess adipose mass with abnormal increase of fat on the subcutaneous connective tissue. Obesity is generally gauged by the Body Mass Index(BMI). A high BMI is associated with a higher risk for potentially lethal medical problems.

BMI (kg/m2)
Appropriate Weight 18.5-25
Overweight >25
Obesity >30

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Obesity from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Blood tests may be done to look for thyroid or hormone problems that could lead to weight gain.

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

CT

MRI

Echocardiography or Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Surgery

Medical Therapy

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

References

  1. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults (PDF). International Medical Publishing, Inc. ISBN 1-58808-002-1.
  2. Haslam DW, James WP (2005). "Obesity". Lancet. 366 (9492): 1197–209. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67483-1. PMID 16198769.

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