Methoprene
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| Methoprene[1] | |
|---|---|
| Image:Methoprene.png | |
| IUPAC name | 1-methylethyl (E,E)-11- methoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl- 2,4-dodecadienoate |
| Other names | Methoprene, Altosid, Apex, Diacan, Dianex, Kabat, Minex, Pharorid, Precor, ZR-515 |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| PubChem | |
| SMILES | CC(C)(OC)CCCC(C)C/C=C/C (C)=C/C(OC(C)C)=O |
| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C19H34O3 |
| Molar mass | 310.48 g/mol |
| Appearance | Liquid |
| Boiling point |
100 °C at 0.05 mmHg |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | |
Methoprene is a juvenile hormone (JH) analog which can be used as an insecticide that acts as a growth regulator. Methoprene is essentially nontoxic to humans when ingested or inhaled. It is used in drinking water cisterns to control mosquitoes which spread malaria.[2]
Methoprene does not kill adult insects. Instead, it acts as a growth regulator, mimicking natural juvenile hormone of insects. Juvenile hormone must be absent for a pupa to molt to an adult, so methoprene treated larvae will be unable to successfully change from a pupa to the adult insect. This breaks the biological life cycle of the insect preventing recurring infestation. "Methoprene is used in the production of a number of foods including meat, milk, mushrooms, peanuts, rice and cereals. It also has several uses on domestic animals (pets) for controlling fleas. Methoprene is considered a biochemical pesticide because rather than controlling target pests through direct toxicity, methoprene interferes with an insect’s life cycle and prevents it from reaching maturity or reproducing."[3] Methoprene is used most widely as the mosquito larvicide Altosid, which is an important measure in prevention of West Nile virus.
Methoprene is an amber liquid with a faint fruity odor. Among its common uses is for indoor control of fleas and it is also used to control fire ants.
Phenothrin (85.7%) in combination with methoprene was a popular topical flea/tick therapy, though primarily directed at felines. Phenothrin kills adult fleas and ticks. However, the US EPA has made at least one manufacturer of these products (Hartz Mountain Corp., Seacaucus, New Jersey, USA), withdraw some products and include strong cautionary statements on others, warning of adverse reactions. Phenothrin was believed to be the cause of the adverse reactions.[4]
References
- ↑ Merck Index, 11th Edition, 5906.
- ↑ Methoprene. Water Sanitation and Health. World Health Organization. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.
- ↑ Insect Growth Regulators: S-Hydroprene (128966), S-Kinoprene (107502), Methoprene (105401), S-Methoprene (105402) Fact Sheet. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved on 2007-09-09.
- ↑ Hartz Flea and Tick Drops for Cats and Kittens to be Cancelled. Pesticides: Topical & Chemical Fact Sheets. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Retrieved on 2007-09-08.
External links
- Methoprene Pesticide Fact Sheet - Environmental Protection Agency
- Methoprene Pesticide Information Profile - Extension Toxicology Network
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
