Mitotane
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| Image:Mitotane.svg | |
| Mitotane
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| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| 1-chloro-2-[2,2-dichloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-ethyl]-benzene | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | L01 |
| PubChem | |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C14H10Cl4 |
| Mol. mass | 320.04 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 40% |
| Protein binding | 6% |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | 18 to 159 days |
| Excretion | ? |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
C |
| Legal status |
presciption required |
| Routes | oral (500mg tablets) |
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Overview
Mitotane, or o,p'-DDD, is a medication used in the treatment of the rare disease adrenocortical carcinoma. It is an isomere chemically to DDT and is a derivative of DDD.[1]
It has been produced by Bristol Myers Squibb SpA but it is marketed as an orphan drug due to the small number of patients in need of it. Its administration occurs in cases where the tumour cannot be surgically omitted. A 2007 study of 177 patients shows a significant increase in the recurrence-free interval after radical surgery followed by Mitotane when compared to surgery alone.[1]
Mitotane alternates steroides peripheral metabolism, represses directly the adrenal cortex and alternates cortisone metabolism leading to hypocortisolism. Side effects as reported by Schteinberg et al. include anorexia and nausea (88%), diarrhea (38%), vomiting (23%), decreased memory and ability to concentrate (50%), rash (23%), gynecomastia (50%), arthralgia (19%), and leukopenia (7%).[1]
Its trade name is Lysodren.
Veterinary use
Mitotane is also used to treat pituitary-dependent Cushing's syndrome in canines. The medication is used in the controlled destruction of adrenal tissue, leading to a decrease in cortisol production.[1]
References
External links
- FDA Label
- V. P. Komissarenko1, I. S. Chelnakova and A. S. Mikosha. “Effect of o,p-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane and perthane in vitro on glutathione reductase activity in the adrenals of dogs and guinea pigs.”
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
