Lymphangion
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A lymphangion is the functional unit of a lymph capillary or lymph vessel that lies between two semilunar (half moon-shaped) valves.[1]
Lymph vessels are channels larger than the lymph capillaries that have thicker walls and smooth muscles in their walls, thus lymph vessel lymphangion would be muscular, and capable of contracting on its own. The capillary lymphangion on the other hand does not have smooth muscles, and the lymph in it is propelled forward only because of force exerted on its walls from the exterior. Such forces include skeletal muscle contractions and arterial pulsations. Also, the inspiration during respiration provides a suction pressure within the lumen.
The semilunar valves are directed towards the flow of the lymph and open when the pressure in the first lymphangion is greater than the pressure in the next lymphangion. Pressure in the first lymphangion may increase because of smooth muscle contraction (in lymph vessel) or because of pressure on the walls from outside (in a capillary) result because of. Alternatively, pressure within the next lymphangion may decrease because of negative pressure as a result of inspiration. Once, the lymph flows into the next lymphangion, it cannot return to the previous lymphangion, as the semilunar valves close tightly.
In conditions when the pressure in a lymphatic is sufficiently great, the valves may fail, and there can indeed be backward flow of lymph resulting in edema of the drained region. This may happen with blockade of lymph flow because of pathology in the draining lymph node or at some point in the vessel.
References
Lymphatic system - The journey of lymph | |
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| ... Blood → Interstitial fluid → Lymph → Blood... | |
| ...Blood → Interstitial fluid → Lymph → Lymph capillary → Afferent lymph vessel (Lymph vessel) → Lymph node → Efferent lymph vessel (Lymph vessel) → Lymph trunk (Subclavian lymph trunk • Jugular lymph trunk • Bronchomediastinal lymph trunk • Intestinal lymph trunk → Cisterna chyli • Lumbar lymph trunk → Cisterna chyli) → Lymph duct {Right lymphatic duct and Thoracic duct (left side)} → Subclavian vein (right and left) → Blood... | |
| Other concepts | Lymphangion |
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
