Jaundice history & symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farnaz Khalighinejad, MD [2]

Overview

Common symptoms associated with jaundice are yellowing of the skin, nausea, and vomiting. Specific symptoms will depend on the underlying cause of jaundice. Patients may present with fever, anorexia, dark urine, fatigue, pruritis, right upper quadrant pain. A detailed history of alcohol use, blood transfusions, history of viral hepatitis and family history of liver disease is recommended for all the patients.

History and Symptoms

  • Jaundice typically progress in "top to bottom" manner, from face to feet.
  • Specific history should be focused on alcohol or hepatotoxic medication use.

History

Patients with jaundice may have a positive history of:

Social history

  • History of alcohol use:
    • Amount
    • Duration
  • History of illicit drug use
  • History of unprotected sexual intercourse

Past Medical history

Family history

Medication history

Common Symptoms

Common symptoms of jaundice depends on the underlying factor that causes jaundice and include:

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of jaundice include

References

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  2. Krugman S, Giles JP (1970). "Viral hepatitis. New light on an old disease". JAMA. 212 (6): 1019–29. PMID 4191502.
  3. Singal AK, Bataller R, Ahn J, Kamath PS, Shah VH (2018). "ACG Clinical Guideline: Alcoholic Liver Disease". Am. J. Gastroenterol. doi:10.1038/ajg.2017.469. PMID 29336434.
  4. Williams EJ, Iredale JP (1998). "Liver cirrhosis". Postgrad Med J. 74 (870): 193–202. PMC 2360862. PMID 9683971.
  5. Schuppan D, Afdhal NH (2008). "Liver cirrhosis". Lancet. 371 (9615): 838–51. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60383-9. PMC 2271178. PMID 18328931.
  6. Talwalkar JA, Lindor KD (July 2003). "Primary biliary cirrhosis". Lancet. 362 (9377): 53–61. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13808-1. PMID 12853201.
  7. Porta M, Fabregat X, Malats N, Guarner L, Carrato A, de Miguel A, Ruiz L, Jariod M, Costafreda S, Coll S, Alguacil J, Corominas JM, Solà R, Salas A, Real FX (2005). "Exocrine pancreatic cancer: symptoms at presentation and their relation to tumour site and stage". Clin Transl Oncol. 7 (5): 189–97. PMID 15960930.
  8. Bunchorntavakul C, Reddy KR (2012). "Pruritus in chronic cholestatic liver disease". Clin Liver Dis. 16 (2): 331–46. doi:10.1016/j.cld.2012.03.010. PMID 22541702.
  9. Patel T (2011). "Cholangiocarcinoma--controversies and challenges". Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 8 (4): 189–200. doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2011.20. PMC 3888819. PMID 21460876.
  10. Lazaridis KN, LaRusso NF (September 2016). "Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 375 (12): 1161–70. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1506330. PMC 5553912. PMID 27653566.
  11. Bloom S, Kemp W, Lubel J (2015). "Portal hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management". Intern Med J. 45 (1): 16–26. doi:10.1111/imj.12590. PMID 25230084.

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