IL21R
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| Interleukin 21 receptor
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| Identifiers | ||||||||||||||
| Symbol(s) | IL21R; MGC10967; NILR | |||||||||||||
| External IDs | OMIM: 605383 MGI: 1890475 Homologene: 11040 | |||||||||||||
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| RNA expression pattern | ||||||||||||||
| Image:PBB GE IL21R 219971 at tn.png | ||||||||||||||
| Orthologs | ||||||||||||||
| Human | Mouse | |||||||||||||
| Entrez | 50615 | 60504 | ||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENSG00000103522 | ENSMUSG00000030745 | ||||||||||||
| Uniprot | Q9HBE5 | Q3TA82 | ||||||||||||
| Refseq | NM_021798 (mRNA) NP_068570 (protein) | XM_983331 (mRNA) XP_988425 (protein) | ||||||||||||
| Location | Chr 16: 27.32 - 27.37 Mb | Chr 7: 125.39 - 125.42 Mb | ||||||||||||
| Pubmed search | [1] | [2] | ||||||||||||
Interleukin 21 receptor, also known as IL21R, is a human gene.[1]
The protein encoded by this gene is a cytokine receptor for interleukin 21 (IL21). It belongs to the type I cytokine receptors, and has been shown to form a heterodimeric receptor complex with the common gamma-chain, a receptor subunit also shared by the receptors for interleukin 2 (IL2) and interleukin 5 (IL5). This receptor transduces the growth promoting signal of IL21, and is important for the proliferation and differentiation of T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells. The ligand binding of this receptor leads to the activation of multiple downstream signaling molecules, including JAK1, JAK3, STAT1, and STAT3. Knockout studies of a similar gene in mouse suggest a role for this gene in regulating immunoglobulin production. Three alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein have been described.[1]
References
Further reading
- Adams MD, Kerlavage AR, Fleischmann RD, et al. (1995). "Initial assessment of human gene diversity and expression patterns based upon 83 million nucleotides of cDNA sequence.". Nature 377 (6547 Suppl): 3-174. PMID 7566098.
- Ozaki K, Kikly K, Michalovich D, et al. (2000). "Cloning of a type I cytokine receptor most related to the IL-2 receptor beta chain.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (21): 11439-44. doi:10.1073/pnas.200360997. PMID 11016959.
- Parrish-Novak J, Dillon SR, Nelson A, et al. (2000). "Interleukin 21 and its receptor are involved in NK cell expansion and regulation of lymphocyte function.". Nature 408 (6808): 57-63. doi:10.1038/35040504. PMID 11081504.
- Asao H, Okuyama C, Kumaki S, et al. (2001). "Cutting edge: the common gamma-chain is an indispensable subunit of the IL-21 receptor complex.". J. Immunol. 167 (1): 1-5. PMID 11418623.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899-903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMID 12477932.
- Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265-70. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMID 12975309.
- Jüngel A, Distler JH, Kurowska-Stolarska M, et al. (2004). "Expression of interleukin-21 receptor, but not interleukin-21, in synovial fibroblasts and synovial macrophages of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.". Arthritis Rheum. 50 (5): 1468-76. doi:10.1002/art.20218. PMID 15146416.
- Zhang Z, Henzel WJ (2005). "Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.". Protein Sci. 13 (10): 2819-24. doi:10.1110/ps.04682504. PMID 15340161.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121-7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMID 15489334.
- Distler JH, Jüngel A, Kowal-Bielecka O, et al. (2005). "Expression of interleukin-21 receptor in epidermis from patients with systemic sclerosis.". Arthritis Rheum. 52 (3): 856-64. doi:10.1002/art.20883. PMID 15751077.
- Wu Z, Kim HP, Xue HH, et al. (2005). "Interleukin-21 receptor gene induction in human T cells is mediated by T-cell receptor-induced Sp1 activity.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 (22): 9741-52. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.22.9741-9752.2005. PMID 16260592.
- de Totero D, Meazza R, Zupo S, et al. (2006). "Interleukin-21 receptor (IL-21R) is up-regulated by CD40 triggering and mediates proapoptotic signals in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells.". Blood 107 (9): 3708-15. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-09-3535. PMID 16391014.
- Pène J, Guglielmi L, Gauchat JF, et al. (2007). "IFN-gamma-mediated inhibition of human IgE synthesis by IL-21 is associated with a polymorphism in the IL-21R gene.". J. Immunol. 177 (8): 5006-13. PMID 17015683.
- Li J, Shen W, Kong K, Liu Z (2006). "Interleukin-21 induces T-cell activation and proinflammatory cytokine secretion in rheumatoid arthritis.". Scand. J. Immunol. 64 (5): 515-22. doi:10.1111/j.1365-3083.2006.01795.x. PMID 17032244.
- Asano K, Ikegami H, Fujisawa T, et al. (2007). "Molecular scanning of interleukin-21 gene and genetic susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.". Hum. Immunol. 68 (5): 384-91. doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2007.01.009. PMID 17462506.
- Akamatsu N, Yamada Y, Hasegawa H, et al. (2007). "High IL-21 receptor expression and apoptosis induction by IL-21 in follicular lymphoma.". Cancer Lett. 256 (2): 196-206. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2007.06.001. PMID 17624663.
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Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
