Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy pathological findings

	Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Microchapters
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Editors-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Cafer Zorkun, M.D. [2], Caitlin J. Harrigan [3], Martin S. Maron, M.D., and Barry J. Maron, M.D.

Gross Pathological Findings

Cardiomyopathy: Intermediate between hypertrophic and dilated
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, concentric

Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Gross natural color opened left ventricular outflow tract with subaortic shelf and marked endocardial thickening matching the contour of the anterior mitral leaflet
Cardiomyopathy: Gross apical slice of left and right ventricles concentric hypertrophy with cavitary obliteration sudden unexpected death obstructive cardiomyopathy

Cardiomyopathy Asymmetrical Septal Hypertrophy
Cardiomyopathy: Gross excellent view of mitral valve atrial surface showing thickening which is fibrous in body of valve and myxoid at area of free margin changes presumed secondary to insufficiency due to anterior motion

Cardiomyopathy: Gross close up view of a ventricle slice
Cardiomyopathy: Gross ventricular slices hypertrophy and extensive myocardial fibrosis a unique case of global fiber disarray with atrophy and fibrosis

Microscopic Pathological Findings

Histopathologically, small vessels have hypertrophy of the tunica media. Combined with increased wall tension, decreased vasodilator reserve and inadequate capillary density, there is a mismatch between blood supply and demand. Over time, it is thought that there is repeated ischemia followed by fibrosis and eventually, dilation and systolic dysfunction (“burned out hypertrophy”).

Micro med mag H&E mid-mural myocardium with hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis atrophy is present marked increase in interstitial fibroblastic cells
Micro high mag H&E myofiber hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis with marked increase in interstitial fibroblastic cells

Micro med mag H&E myofiber hypertrophy some atrophy interstitial fibrosis with many fibroblastic cells
Micro high mag H&E hypertrophied fibers with some evidence of atrophy and marked interstitial fibrosis with many fibroblastic type cells

Micro low mag H&E shows myofiber hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis
Cardiomyopathy: Micro H&E low mag interventricular septum at junction of normal myofiber orientation with asymmetrical hypertrophy (an excellent example)