Fecal-oral route
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Many diseases can be passed when fecal particles from one host are introduced into the mouth of another potential host. This is referred to as the fecal-oral route (or alternatively, the oral-fecal route or orofecal route).
There are, usually, intermediate steps, sometimes many of them. Amongst the more common causes are: Water that has come in contact with feces and poorly treated before drinking; food that has been handled with feces present; poor sewage treatment; poor or absent cleaning after handling feces or anything that has been in contact with feces.
Some sexual practice — such as anal-oral sex, coprophilia — can also spread disease by the fecal-oral route.[1]
Some diseases that can be passed via the fecal-oral route:
- Giardiasis[2]
- Hepatitis A[3]
- Hepatitis E[4]
- Shigellosis (bacillary dysentery)[5]
- Typhoid fever[6]
- Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections[7]
- Polio
- Cholera
References
- ↑ http://www.fenwayhealth.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticle&id=5203&news_iv_ctrl=0&abbr=FCHC_srv_&JServSessionIdr006=ru7nqs2t63.app5a
- ↑ Meyer EA (1996). Other Intestinal Protozoa and Trichomonas Vaginalis in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al, eds.), 4th ed., Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
- ↑ Zuckerman AJ (1996). Hepatitis Viruses in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al, eds.), 4th ed., Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
- ↑ Wang L, Zhuang H (2004). "Hepatitis E: an overview and recent advances in vaccine research.". World J Gastroenterol 10 (15): 2157-62. PMID 15259057.
- ↑ Hale TL, Keusch GT (1996). Shigella in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al, eds.), 4th ed., Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
- ↑ Giannella RA (1996). Salmonella:Epidemiology in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al, eds.), 4th ed., Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
- ↑ Finkelstein RA (1996). Cholera, Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139, and Other Pathogenic Vibrios in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al, eds.), 4th ed., Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
