Erythroplakia
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| Erythroplakia Classification and external resources | |
| ICD-10 | K13.2 |
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| ICD-9 | 528.7 |
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US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Erythroplakia NICE Guidance on Erythroplakia
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Erythroplakia is a flat red patch or lesion in the mouth that cannot be attributed to any other pathology. There are many other conditions that are similar in appearance and must be ruled out before a diagnosis of erythroplakia is made. Sometimes, a diagnosis is delayed for up to two weeks in order to see if the lesion spontaneously regresses on its own or if another cause can be found. Erythroplakia frequently is associated with dysplasia, and is thus a pre-cancerous lesion.
Erythroplakia has an unknown cause but researchers presume it to be similar to the cause of squamous cell carcinoma. It is mostly found in elderly men around the ages of 65 - 74. It is commonly associated with smoking. The most common areas in the mouth where erythroplakia is found are the floor of the mouth, the tongue, and the soft palate. It appears as a red macule or plaque with well-demarcated borders. The texture is characterized as soft and velvety. An adjacent area of leukoplakia may be found along with the erythroplakia.
Microscopically, the tissue exhibits severe epithelial dysplasia, carcinoma-in-situ, or invasive squamous cell carcinoma in 90% of cases. There is an absence of keratin production and a reduced amount of epithelial cells. Since the underlying vascular structures are less hidden by tissue, erythroplakia appears red when viewed in a clinical setting.
Treatment involves biopsy of the lesion to identify extent of dysplasia. Complete excision of the lesion is sometimes advised depending on the histopathology found in the biopsy. Even in these cases, recurrence of the erythroplakia is common and, thus, long-term monitoring is needed.
References
- Kahn, Michael A. Basic Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Volume 1. 2001.
WikiDoc Research Resources for Erythroplakia (Click show to right to view) | |
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| Articles on Erythroplakia | Most recent articles on Erythroplakia • Most cited articles on Erythroplakia • Review articles on Erythroplakia • Articles on Erythroplakia in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ |
| Media (Slides, Video, Images, MP3) on Erythroplakia | Powerpoint slides on Erythroplakia • Images of Erythroplakia • Photos of Erythroplakia • Podcasts & MP3s on Erythroplakia • Videos on Erythroplakia |
| Evidence Based Medicine Regarding Erythroplakia | Cochrane Collaboration on Erythroplakia • Bandolier on Erythroplakia • TRIP on Erythroplakia |
| Cost Effectiveness of Erythroplakia | Cost Effectiveness of Erythroplakia |
| Clinical Trials Involving Erythroplakia | Ongoing Trials on Erythroplakia at Clinical Trials.gov • Trial results on Erythroplakia • Clinical Trials on Erythroplakia at Google |
| Guidelines / Policies / Government Resources (FDA/CDC) Regarding Erythroplakia | US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Erythroplakia • NICE Guidance on Erythroplakia • NHS PRODIGY Guidance • FDA on Erythroplakia • CDC on Erythroplakia |
| Textbook Information on Erythroplakia | Books and Textbook Information on Erythroplakia |
| Pharmacology Resources on Erythroplakia | Dosing of Erythroplakia • Drug interactions with Erythroplakia • Side effects of Erythroplakia • Allergic reactions to Erythroplakia • Overdose information on Erythroplakia • Carcinogenicity information on Erythroplakia • Erythroplakia in pregnancy • Pharmacokinetics of Erythroplakia • |
| Genetics, Pharmacogenomics, and Proteinomics of Erythroplakia | Genetics of Erythroplakia • Pharmacogenomics of Erythroplakia • Proteomics of Erythroplakia |
| Newstories on Erythroplakia | Erythroplakia in the news • Be alerted to news on Erythroplakia • News trends on Erythroplakia |
| Commentary on Erythroplakia | Blogs on Erythroplakia |
| Patient Resources on Erythroplakia | Patient resources on Erythroplakia • Discussion groups on Erythroplakia • Patient Handouts on Erythroplakia • Directions to Hospitals Treating Erythroplakia • Risk calculators and risk factors for Erythroplakia |
| Healthcare Provider Resources on Erythroplakia | Symptoms of Erythroplakia • Causes & Risk Factors for Erythroplakia • Diagnostic studies for Erythroplakia • Treatment of Erythroplakia |
| Continuing Medical Education (CME) Programs on Erythroplakia | CME Programs on Erythroplakia |
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| Business Resources on Erythroplakia | Erythroplakia in the Marketplace • Patents on Erythroplakia |
| Informatics Resources on Erythroplakia | List of terms related to Erythroplakia |
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Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
