Asparaginase
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| Asparaginase
| |
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| E. coli L-asparagine amidohydrolase | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | |
| ATC code | L01 |
| PubChem | ? |
| DrugBank | |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C1377H2208N382O442S17 |
| Mol. mass | 31731.9 g/mol |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | ? |
| Metabolism | ? |
| Half life | 8-30 hrs |
| Excretion | ? |
| Therapeutic considerations | |
| Pregnancy cat. |
C(US) |
| Legal status | |
| Routes | ? |
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Asparaginase (EC 3.5.1.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of asparagine to aspartic acid. It is also marketed under the brand names Elspar®, Oncaspar, and Erwinase to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and is also used in some mast cell tumor protocols. [1] Unlike other chemotherapy agents, it can be given as an intramuscular, subcutaneous, or intravenous injection without fear of tissue irritation.
Mechanism of action
The rationale behind asparaginase is that it takes advantage of the fact that ALL leukemic cells are unable to synthesize the non-essential amino acid asparagine whereas normal cells are able to make their own asparagine. These leukemic cells depend on circulating asparagine. Asparaginase however catalyzes the conversion of L-asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. This deprives the leukemic cell of circulating asparagine.
Side effects
The main side effect is an allergic or hypersensitivity reaction. Asparaginase has also been associated with pancreatitis. Additionally, it can also be associated with a coagulopathy as it decreases protein synthesis, including synthesis of coagulation factors and anticoagulant factor, leading to bleeding or thrombotic events such as stroke.
References
External links
[3] THE PET PHARMACY By Wendy C. Brooks, DVM, DipABVP; Educational Director, VeterinaryPartner.com
Carbon-nitrogen non-peptide hydrolases (EC 3.5) | |
|---|---|
| 3.5.1 - Amidohydrolases | Asparaginase - Glutaminase - Urease - Biotinidase - Aspartoacylase - Ceramidase -Aspartylglucosaminidase - Fatty acid amide hydrolase - Histone deacetylase (Sirtuin) |
| 3.5.2 | Barbiturase - Beta-lactamase |
| 3.5.3 | Arginase |
| 3.5.4 - Aminohydrolases | Guanine deaminase - Adenosine deaminase - AMP deaminase - Inosine monophosphate synthase - DCMP deaminase - GTP cyclohydrolase I |
| Other | Nitrilase - Thiaminase II |
| ||||
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
