Coilin

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Coilin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COIL gene.[1][2] Coilin got its name from the coiled shape of the CB in which it is found. It was first identified using human autoimmune serum.

Function

Coilin protein is one of the main molecular components of Cajal bodies (CBs). Cajal bodies are nuclear suborganelles of varying number and composition that are involved in the post-transcriptional modification of small nuclear and small nucleolar RNAs. In addition to its structural role, coilin acts as glue to connect the CB to the nucleolus. The N-terminus of the coilin protein directs its self-oligomerization while the C-terminus influences the number of nuclear bodies assembled per cell. Differential methylation and phosphorylation of coilin likely influences its localization among nuclear bodies and the composition and assembly of Cajal bodies. This gene has pseudogenes on chromosome 4 and chromosome 14.[2]

To study CBs, coilin can be combined with GFP (Green Fluorescent Protein) to form Coilin-GFP hybrid protein. The hybrid protein can then be used to locate CBs underneath a microscope, usually near the nucleolus of the cell. Other proteins that make up the CB include snRNPs and nucleolar snoRNPs.

Coilin has been shown to interact with ataxin 1,[3][4] nucleolar phosphoprotein p130,[5] SMN,[6][7] and SNRPB.[7]

References

  1. Chan EK, Takano S, Andrade LE, Hamel JC, Matera AG (Dec 1994). "Structure, expression and chromosomal localization of human p80-coilin gene". Nucleic Acids Res. 22 (21): 4462–9. doi:10.1093/nar/22.21.4462. PMC 308480. PMID 7971277.
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: COIL coilin".
  3. Hong S, Ka S, Kim S, Park Y, Kang S (May 2003). "p80 coilin, a coiled body-specific protein, interacts with ataxin-1, the SCA1 gene product". Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1638 (1): 35–42. doi:10.1016/s0925-4439(03)00038-3. PMID 12757932.
  4. Hong S, Lee S, Cho SG, Kang S (Jun 2008). "UbcH6 interacts with and ubiquitinates the SCA1 gene product ataxin-1". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 371 (2): 256–60. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.04.066. PMID 18439907.
  5. Isaac C, Yang Y, Meier UT (Jul 1998). "Nopp140 functions as a molecular link between the nucleolus and the coiled bodies". J. Cell Biol. 142 (2): 319–29. doi:10.1083/jcb.142.2.319. PMC 2133063. PMID 9679133.
  6. Hebert MD, Shpargel KB, Ospina JK, Tucker KE, Matera AG (Sep 2002). "Coilin methylation regulates nuclear body formation". Dev. Cell. 3 (3): 329–37. doi:10.1016/s1534-5807(02)00222-8. PMID 12361597.
  7. 7.0 7.1 Hebert MD, Szymczyk PW, Shpargel KB, Matera AG (Oct 2001). "Coilin forms the bridge between Cajal bodies and SMN, the spinal muscular atrophy protein". Genes Dev. 15 (20): 2720–9. doi:10.1101/gad.908401. PMC 312817. PMID 11641277.

Further reading

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.