Childcare
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Childcare (also written child care[1] and babycare) is the act of caring for and supervising minor children. (In Australia, daycare is referred to as "childcare"—cf.)
Childcare roles
It is traditional in western society for children to be looked after by one or both of their parents, but the need, or preference, for two-job households means that childcare is delegated to Au Pairs, childminders or crèches on a full-time (40hrs) or part-time (< 40hrs) basis.
Most Western countries also have compulsory education during which children are at school starting from 5- or 6-years of age. The school will act in loco parentis meaning "in lieu of parent supervision".
Where parents are missing, dead, unable or unfit to care for children, state agencies such as social services may take on the childcare role.
Another option, that may be more intimate and often keeps children in their own home setting is through the use of nannies or an au pair. Additionally, parents may opt to have their own family members watch their children.
In the United States, childcare in regulated commercial or family childcare home setting is administered or lead by teachers who may have a Child Development Associate or higher credentials. [citation needed]
The childcare debate
For many, the use of paid childcare is a matter of choice with arguments raging on both sides about whether children suffer or not.
There is no doubt that the first few years of a child's life are vitally important to form a basis for good education, morality, self-discipline and social integration.[citation needed] Consistency of approach, skills and qualifications of careers and ownership have been shown in many studies to improve the chances of a child reaching his or her full potential.
For example a recent study in Australia[1] concluded centers run by corporate chains provided the lowest quality care when compared to community-based providers and independent private centres.
The challenge of childcare
In many families (and almost exclusively so in some communities), the childcare role is taken on by the extended family. One of the challenges for parents who choose to use other sources of childcare is finding and affording qualified providers.
Some jurisdictions require licensing or certification. Parents may also turn to independent rating services, or rely on recommendations and referrals. Some places develop voluntary quality networks, for example in Australia most childcare services are part of the national Quality Assurance system which ensures they provide good developmental programs.
Many organizations (in the developed world) campaign for free or subsidized childcare for all. Others campaign for tax breaks or allowances to allow parents a non-finance driven choice. Many of the free or subsidized childcare programs in the United States are also Child Development programs, or after school programs which hire certified teachers to teach the children while they are in their care.
Most countries have laws relating to childcare, which seek to prevent and punish child abuse. Such laws may add cost and complexity to childcare provision and may provide tools to help ensure quality childcare.
Finding childcare providers online
The Internet has become a tool for parents and childcare providers to connect.
Online classified ads allow parents to post job offers and childcare providers to post resumes in hopes of connecting with each other via cyberspace. Such postings allow anyone to post almost anything at any time with little monitoring. Services dedicated to matching parents and childcare providers have evolved from for-profit, nonprofit and governmental organizations. Such services generally offer greater screening, than general listing services.
See also
Notes
External links
- Childcare at the Open Directory Project
- Better Business Bureau Video Series or free online childcare resources at www.BBBvideo.com
- Child Care Quality: An Overview for Parents - From the ERIC Clearinghouse on Elementary and Early Childhood Education.
- Information and Child Care resources from the United Kingdom's National Institute of Childcare and Education
- online resource for mothers Mumcentre.com: Find useful information on pregnancy, baby, birth, breastfeeding, nursing rooms, child care, kindergartensde:Tagespflege
fr:Protection de l'enfance ja:保育 fi:Lastenkasvatus sv:Barnomsorg vi:Chăm sóc trẻ em
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Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .
