Cantharellales

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Cantharellales
File:Chanterelle Cantharellus cibarius.jpg
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Phylum: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Cantharellales
Gäum., 1926[1]
Families

   Aphelariaceae
   Botryobasidiaceae
   Cantharellaceae
   Clavulinaceae
   Hydnaceae

The order Cantharellales is a group of fungi that includes the chanterelles, the tooth fungi, and some club fungi. Their hymenium consists of thick gill-like folds, spines, or in some cases an almost smooth surface. It was once thought to be a 'transition group' to the true gill-fungi (Agaricales) because of its rudimentary gill-like folds, but molecular phylogenetic studies have clearly established that this group represents its own evolutionary line.

Important Genera

File:Pfifferling-1.jpg
Chanterelle Cantharellus cibarius'
File:Totentrompete-1.jpg
Craterellus cornucopioides
File:Hydnum repandum1.jpeg
Hedgehog fungus Hydnum repandum

The examples are of Northern European fungi.

Cantharellus

The hymenium of these fungi is covered by forking gill-like ridges ('false gills') and unlike Craterellus the stem is solid. They have smooth spores.

The chanterelle (Cantharellus cibarius) is a popular edible mushroom in Europe, often being sold in markets. It is apricot-coloured and also smells of apricots.

Craterellus

In this genus, the hymenium is more or less smooth and the stipe is hollow. The best-known European species is the Horn of Plenty (or "Trumpet of the Dead"), Craterellus cornucopioides. Craterellus tubaeformis (= C. infundibuliformis) is also sold commercially.

Hydnum

Viewed from above these fungi look like agarics (ordinary gilled mushrooms) but underneath they have spines instead of gills. Species: the Hedgehog fungus Hydnum repandum is quite common, H. rufescens is similar but redder.

References

  1. Gäumann, E. (1926). Vergleichende Morphologie der Pilze. Jena: Gustav Fischer.
  • Régis Courtecuisse, Bernard Duhem: Guide des champignons de France et d'Europe (Delachaux & Niestlé, 1994).

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