Atomic radii of the elements (data page)
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<< Chemical elements data references
Contents |
Atomic radii
Note: All measurements given are in picometres (pm).
| number | symbol | name | empirical † | calculated | van der Waals | covalent | triple-bond covalent radii | metallic radii |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | H | hydrogen | 25 | 53 | 120 | 37 | no data | |
| 2 | He | helium | no data | 31 | 140 | 32 | no data | |
| 3 | Li | lithium | 145 | 167 | 182 | 134 | no data | 152 |
| 4 | Be | beryllium | 105 | 112 | no data | 90 | 85 | 112 |
| 5 | B | boron | 85 | 87 | no data | 82 | 73 | |
| 6 | C | carbon | 70 | 67 | 170 | 77 | 60 | |
| 7 | N | nitrogen | 65 | 56 | 155 | 75 | 54 | |
| 8 | O | oxygen | 60 | 48 | 152 | 73 | 53 | |
| 9 | F | fluorine | 50 | 42 | 147 | 71 | 53 | |
| 10 | Ne | neon | no data | 38 | 154 | 69 | no data | |
| 11 | Na | sodium | 180 | 190 | 227 | 154 | no data | 186 |
| 12 | Mg | magnesium | 150 | 145 | 173 | 130 | 127 | 160 |
| 13 | Al | aluminium | 125 | 118 | no data | 118 | 111 | 143 |
| 14 | Si | silicon | 110 | 111 | 210 | 111 | 102 | |
| 15 | P | phosphorus | 100 | 98 | 180 | 106 | 94 | |
| 16 | S | sulfur | 100 | 88 | 180 | 102 | 95 | |
| 17 | Cl | chlorine | 100 | 79 | 175 | 99 | 93 | |
| 18 | Ar | argon | 71 | 71 | 188 | 97 | 96 | |
| 19 | K | potassium | 220 | 243 | 275 | 196 | no data | 227 |
| 20 | Ca | calcium | 180 | 194 | no data | 174 | 133 | 197 |
| 21 | Sc | scandium | 160 | 184 | no data | 144 | 114 | 162 a |
| 22 | Ti | titanium | 140 | 176 | no data | 136 | 108 | 147 |
| 23 | V | vanadium | 135 | 171 | no data | 125 | 106 | 134 a |
| 24 | Cr | chromium | 140 | 166 | no data | 127 | 103 | 128 a |
| 25 | Mn | manganese | 140 | 161 | no data | 139 | 103 | 127 a |
| 26 | Fe | iron | 140 | 156 | no data | 125 | 102 | 126 a |
| 27 | Co | cobalt | 135 | 152 | no data | 126 | 96 | 125 a |
| 28 | Ni | nickel | 135 | 149 | 163 | 121 | 101 | 124 a |
| 29 | Cu | copper | 135 | 145 | 140 | 138 | 120 | 128 a |
| 30 | Zn | zinc | 135 | 142 | 139 | 131 | no data | 134 a |
| 31 | Ga | gallium | 130 | 136 | 187 | 126 | 121 | 135 b |
| 32 | Ge | germanium | 125 | 125 | no data | 122 | 114 | |
| 33 | As | arsenic | 115 | 114 | 185 | 119 | 106 | |
| 34 | Se | selenium | 115 | 103 | 190 | 116 | 107 | |
| 35 | Br | bromine | 115 | 94 | 185 | 114 | 110 | |
| 36 | Kr | krypton | no data | 88 | 202 | 110 | 108 | |
| 37 | Rb | rubidium | 235 | 265 | no data | 211 | no data | 248 |
| 38 | Sr | strontium | 200 | 219 | no data | 192 | 139 | 215 |
| 39 | Y | yttrium | 180 | 212 | no data | 162 | 124 | 180 a |
| 40 | Zr | zirconium | 155 | 206 | no data | 148 | 121 | 160 |
| 41 | Nb | niobium | 145 | 198 | no data | 137 | 116 | 146 a |
| 42 | Mo | molybdenum | 145 | 190 | no data | 145 | 113 | 139 a |
| 43 | Tc | technetium | 135 | 183 | no data | 156 | 110 | 136 a |
| 44 | Ru | ruthenium | 130 | 178 | no data | 126 | 103 | 134 a |
| 45 | Rh | rhodium | 135 | 173 | no data | 135 | 106 | 134 a |
| 46 | Pd | palladium | 140 | 169 | 163 | 131 | 112 | 137 a |
| 47 | Ag | silver | 160 | 165 | 172 | 153 | 137 | 144 a |
| 48 | Cd | cadmium | 155 | 161 | 158 | 148 | no data | 151 a |
| 49 | In | indium | 155 | 156 | 193 | 144 | 146 | 167 |
| 50 | Sn | tin | 145 | 145 | 217 | 141 | 132 | |
| 51 | Sb | antimony | 145 | 133 | no data | 138 | 127 | |
| 52 | Te | tellurium | 140 | 123 | 206 | 135 | 121 | |
| 53 | I | iodine | 140 | 115 | 198 | 133 | 125 | |
| 54 | Xe | xenon | no data | 108 | 216 | 130 | 122 | |
| 55 | Cs | caesium | 260 | 298 | no data | 225 | no data | 265 |
| 56 | Ba | barium | 215 | 253 | no data | 198 | 149 | 222 |
| 57 | La | lanthanum | 195 | no data | no data | 169 | 139 | 187 a |
| 58 | Ce | cerium | 185 | no data | no data | no data | 131 | 181.8 b |
| 59 | Pr | praseodymium | 185 | 247 | no data | no data | 128 | 182.4 b |
| 60 | Nd | neodymium | 185 | 206 | no data | no data | no data | 181.4 b |
| 61 | Pm | promethium | 185 | 205 | no data | no data | no data | 183.4 b |
| 62 | Sm | samarium | 185 | 238 | no data | no data | no data | 180.4 b |
| 63 | Eu | europium | 185 | 231 | no data | no data | no data | 208.4 b |
| 64 | Gd | gadolinium | 180 | 233 | no data | no data | 132 | 180.4 b |
| 65 | Tb | terbium | 175 | 225 | no data | no data | no data | 177.3 b |
| 66 | Dy | dysprosium | 175 | 228 | no data | no data | no data | 178.1 b |
| 67 | Ho | holmium | 175 | no data | no data | no data | no data | 176.2 b |
| 68 | Er | erbium | 175 | 226 | no data | no data | no data | 176.1 b |
| 69 | Tm | thulium | 175 | 222 | no data | no data | no data | 175.9 b |
| 70 | Yb | ytterbium | 175 | 222 | no data | no data | no data | 193.3 b |
| 71 | Lu | lutetium | 175 | 217 | no data | 160 | 131 | 173.8 b |
| 72 | Hf | hafnium | 155 | 208 | no data | 150 | 122 | 159 |
| 73 | Ta | tantalum | 145 | 200 | no data | 138 | 119 | 146 a |
| 74 | W | tungsten | 135 | 193 | no data | 146 | 115 | 139 a |
| 75 | Re | rhenium | 135 | 188 | no data | 159 | 110 | 137 a |
| 76 | Os | osmium | 130 | 185 | no data | 128 | 109 | 135 a |
| 77 | Ir | iridium | 135 | 180 | no data | 137 | 107 | 135.5 a |
| 78 | Pt | platinum | 135 | 177 | 175 | 128 | 110 | 138.5 a |
| 79 | Au | gold | 135 | 174 | 166 | 144 | 123 | 144 a |
| 80 | Hg | mercury | 150 | 171 | 155 | 149 | no data | 151 a |
| 81 | Tl | thallium | 190 | 156 | 196 | 148 | 150 | 170 |
| 82 | Pb | lead | 180 | 154 | 202 | 147 | 137 | |
| 83 | Bi | bismuth | 160 | 143 | no data | 146 | 135 | |
| 84 | Po | polonium | 190 | 135 | no data | no data | 129 | |
| 85 | At | astatine | no data | no data | no data | no data | 138 | |
| 86 | Rn | radon | no data | 120 | no data | 145 | 133 | |
| 87 | Fr | francium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
| 88 | Ra | radium | 215 | no data | no data | no data | 159 | no data |
| 89 | Ac | actinium | 195 | no data | no data | no data | 140 | |
| 90 | Th | thorium | 180 | no data | no data | no data | 136 | 179 a |
| 91 | Pa | protactinium | 180 | no data | no data | no data | 129 | 163 c |
| 92 | U | uranium | 175 | no data | 186 | no data | 118 | 156 d |
| 93 | Np | neptunium | 175 | no data | no data | no data | 116 | 155 d |
| 94 | Pu | plutonium | 175 | no data | no data | no data | no data | 159 d |
| 95 | Am | americium | 175 | no data | no data | no data | no data | 173 a |
| 96 | Cm | curium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | 174 a |
| 97 | Bk | berkelium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | 170 a |
| 98 | Cf | californium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | 186+/- 2 a |
| 99 | Es | einsteinium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | 186+/- 2 a |
| 100 | Fm | fermium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
| 101 | Md | mendelevium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
| 102 | No | nobelium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
| 103 | Lr | lawrencium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
| 104 | Rf | rutherfordium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 131 | no data |
| 105 | Db | dubnium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 126 | no data |
| 106 | Sg | seaborgium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 121 | no data |
| 107 | Bh | bohrium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 119 | no data |
| 108 | Hs | hassium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 118 | no data |
| 109 | Mt | meitnerium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 113 | no data |
| 110 | Ds | darmstadtium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 112 | no data |
| 111 | Rg | roentgenium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 118 | no data |
| 112 | Uub | ununbium | no data | no data | no data | no data | 130 | no data |
| 113 | Uut | ununtrium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
| 114 | Uuq | ununquadium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
| 115 | Uup | ununpentium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
| 116 | Uuh | ununhexium | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data |
Notes
- The radius of an atom is not a uniquely defined property and depends on the definition. Data derived from other sources with different assumptions cannot be compared.
- † to an accuracy of about 5 pm
- (a) 12 coordinate
- (b) gallium has an anomalous crystal structure
- (c) 10 coordinate
References
As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from these sources:
Atomic radius (empirical)
- J.C. Slater, J. Chem. Phys. 1964, 41, 3199.
Atomic radius (calculated)
- E. Clementi, D.L.Raimondi, and W.P. Reinhardt, J. Chem. Phys. 1967, 47, 1300.
Van der Waals radius
- A. Bondi, J. Phys. Chem., 1964, 68, 441.
Covalent radius
- R.T. Sanderson in Chemical Periodicity, Reinhold, New York, USA, 1962.
- L.E. Sutton (ed.) in Table of interatomic distances and configuration in molecules and ions, Supplement 1956-1959, Special publication No. 18, Chemical Society, London, UK, 1965.
- J.E. Huheey, E.A. Keiter, and R.L. Keiter in Inorganic Chemistry : Principles of Structure and Reactivity, 4th edition, HarperCollins, New York, USA, 1993.
- W.W. Porterfield in Inorganic chemistry, a unified approach, Addison Wesley Publishing Co., Reading Massachusetts, USA, 1984.
- A.M. James and M.P. Lord in Macmillan's Chemical and Physical Data, Macmillan, London, UK, 1992.
Triple-Bond Covalent Radii
- P.Pyykkö, S. Riedel, M. Patzschke, Chem. Eur. J. 2005, 12, 3511 - 3520. Mean-square deviation 3pm.
- Triple-Bond Covalent Radii Table online: http://www.psichem.de/triple-bond/index.htm
Metallic radius
See also
Acknowledgement and Attribution Regarding Sources of Content
Some of the initial content on this page may be incorporated in part from copyleft sources in the public domain including wikis such as Wikipedia and AskDrWiki. Drug information for patients came from the The National Library of Medicine. Infectious disease information may have come from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Differential Diagnoses are drawn from clinicians as well as an amalgamation of 3 sources: 1.The Disease Database; 2. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:3; 3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:7 .

