wikidoc - User contributions [en]

User:Avani Sharma

2017-10-15T22:52:17Z

YazanDaaboul:

__NOTOC__
==Avani Sharma==
===Biography===
===Education===
===Contact===

User:Avani Sharma

2017-10-15T22:52:07Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "==Avani Sharma== ===Biography=== ===Education=== ===Contact==="

==Avani Sharma==
===Biography===
===Education===
===Contact===

User:Raj Patel

2017-09-20T18:48:53Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "==Raj Patel== ===Biography=== ===Contact==="

==Raj Patel==
===Biography===
===Contact===

User:Miguel Aristizabal

2017-09-20T18:43:38Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "==Miguel Aristizabal== ===Biography=== ===Contact==="

==Miguel Aristizabal==
===Biography===
===Contact===

User:Rafael.VidalPerez

2017-07-27T06:15:52Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "==Rafael Vidal Perez=="

==Rafael Vidal Perez==

User:Rafael Vidal-Perez

2017-07-27T02:28:56Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "==Rafael Vidal-Perez=="

==Rafael Vidal-Perez==

Head

2017-05-25T04:00:06Z

YazanDaaboul: /* Cultural import */

[[Image:Proportions of the Head.jpg|thumb|250px||the human head]]
{{CMG}}

In [[anatomy]], the '''head''' of an animal is the [[rostral]] part (from [[anatomical]] position) that usually comprises the [[brain]], [[eye]]s, [[ear]]s, [[nose]], and [[mouth]] (all of which aid in various sensory functions, such as [[sight]], [[hearing]], [[olfaction|smell]], and [[taste]]). Some very simple animals may not have a head, but many bilaterally symmetric forms do.

==Anatomy in humans==
===Bones of the head===
[[Image:Gray190.png|thumb||An adult human skull. Fig.190, from [[Gray's Anatomy]]]]
{{main|Human skull}}
The skull is divided into the cranium (all the skull bones except the mandible) and the [[mandible]] (or [[jawbone]]). One feature that distinguishes [[mammals]] and non-mammals is that there are also three ear bones (called [[ossicles]]):
* ''[[malleus]]'' (hammer)
* ''[[incus]]'' (anvil)
* ''[[stapes]]'' (stirrup)
These ossicles are important components in the sense of [[hearing]] in mammals. Other animals have a single bone that is usually called the ''[[columella]]''.

The cranium can be divided into a skull cap (or [[calvarium]]) and base. The cranium consists of several bones which fuse together at junctions called [[sutures]]. Several sutures join to form a [[pterion]]. This process of bone fusion occurs [[in utero]] to protect the most important organ in the body, the [[brain]]. Although most fusing is complete before birth, there are large areas of fibrous tissue (called ''[[fontanelle]]s'') where fusion is incomplete until puberty. The fontanelle above the forehead in newborns and young children is particularly easy to identify by touch.
The adult cranium is separated into several bones, several of which are mirrored on the right and left sides of the skull. Descriptions of these bones often use terms of [[anatomical position]] to more accurately depict how the bones relate to each other:
[[Image:Skull-Schaedel.jpg|thumb|Line drawing of a skull]]
* two [[maxilla]]e (one on each side of the head) that cover the inferior and medial to the [[orbit (anatomy)|eye socket]] (or orbit)
* two [[zygomatic bone]]s, inferior and lateral to the orbit
* two [[temporal bone]]s, covering an area where the ears are located
* a single [[frontal bone]], superior to the orbit
* two [[parietal bone]]s, posterior to the frontal bone and superior to the temporal bone
* an [[occipital bone]] at the back of the head
* several more internal bones which are not easily seen which are
:* a [[sphenoid]] bone
:* an [[ethmoid]] bone
:* two [[lacrimal bone]]s
:* two [[nasal bone]]s
:* two [[palatine bone]]s
:* two [[turbinate|nasal conchae]]
:* a [[vomer]]
There are a total of 14 bones in the face.

The rest of the skull is the mandible, a bone attached to the cranium at the [[temporomandibular joint]] (TMJ). This important joint allows the mandible to move, using the TMJ as a pivot to achieve actions such as [[chewing]] ([[mastication]]), [[eating]], and [[Manner of articulation|speech]].

When viewed from below (inferiorly) the skull contains several holes (or [[foramen|foramina]]), the largest of which is the [[foramen magnum]] through which the spinal cord passes. Other holes allow for the passage of arteries, veins, and nerves ([[the cranial nerves]]). When the skull cap (or calvarium) is removed, the base of the skull is viewed from above, there are three clear impressions or [[fossa]]. The most anterior of these is the [[anterior cranial fossa]], where, amongst other things, upon which the [[frontal lobe]] of the brain lies. The butterfly-shaped [[middle cranial fossa]] is the second most anterior depression, the wings of which serve as a base for the brain's temporal lobes. The body of the butterfly houses an important structure, the [[sella turcica]] (Latin for ''Turkish saddle''), which encapsulates the [[pituitary gland]], one of the major organs of the [[endocrine system]]. The [[posterior cranial fossa]] is where the [[foramen magnum]] is located and where the posterior lobe of the brain and the [[cerebellum]] lie.

===Anatomy of the face===

Anatomically, the face stretches from the point of the chin to the roots of hair. The skin of the face is quite pliable and loose. Owing to the face's lack of deep [[fascia]], facial wounds tend to bleed rather freely.

There are five orifices on the face: two for the [[eye]]s, two [[nostril]]s, and the [[mouth]].

The blood supply to the face and indeed the most of the [[scalp]] comes mainly from the [[external carotid artery]].

The sensory supply to the face comes solely from the [[trigeminal nerve]] (the fifth [[cranial nerve]]), so named because it branches into three divisions. The ''ophthalmic division'' covers an area above the eyes, including the forehead and most of the nose. The ''maxillary division'' covers an area below the eyes but above the mouth, including the cheeks and some of the nose. The ''mandibular division'' covers an area below the mouth and to the sides of the cheeks to the ears. This area does not cover the mandibular angle (the protrusion on the jawbone), which is innervated by the second cervical [[spinal nerve]].

The muscles in the face include the nasal muscles, [[zygomatic muscle]]s, muscles of [[mastication]] (chewing), and those of [[facial expression]]. The frontal part of the large [[occipitofrontalis]] muscle contains two parts, the occipital part (or [[occipitalis]]) and the frontal part (or [[frontalis]]). Although the two muscles are separate and supplied by different nerves, they are connected by fibromuscular tissue (called the [[galea aponeurotica]]) that stretches across the top half of the head to form the [[scalp]]. This arrangement of two different muscles attached together constitutes a [[digastric muscle]], the actions of which are to wrinkle the forehead and raise the eyebrow. The muscle is attached to the skin of the forehead and eyebrow in front (anteriorly) and to the superior nuchal line in back (posteriorly). The frontal belly of the digastric muscle is supplied by the [[temporal nerve]], a branch of the [[facial nerve]] (the seventh cranial nerve) while the occipital belly is supplied by another branch of the facial nerve, the [[posterior auricular nerve]].

==Anatomy in non-humans==
===Bilateral symmetry===
[[Image:SymmetryOfLifeFormsOnEarth.jpg|thumb||Illustration of the different types of symmetry of lifeforms on Earth. The creatures with bilateral symmetry can have heads, while creatures with other types of symmetry may have corresponding organs, if not a head.]]

The very simplest animals do not have a head, but many bilaterally symmetric forms do. In vertebrates the contents of the head are protected by an enclosure of [[bone]] called the [[human skull|skull]], which is attached to the [[spine (anatomy)|spine]].

==Clothing==
In many cultures, covering the head is seen as a sign of respect. Often, some or all of the head must be covered and veiled when entering holy places, or places of prayer. For many centuries, women in Europe, the Middle East, and parts of Asia, have covered their hair as a sign of modesty. This trend has changed drastically in Europe in the 20th Century, although is still observed in other parts of the world. In addition, a number of religious paths require men to wear specific head clothing- such as the Jewish skullcap, or the sikh turban; or Muslim women, who cover their hair, ears and neck with a scarf.

Different headpieces can also signify status, origin, religious/spiritual beliefs, social grouping, occupation, and fashion choices.

== Pseudoscientific study of the human head ==
[[Image:Demosthenes orator Louvre.jpg|thumb|A bust is a sculpture representing a human head]]
Because the human head is the location of the thinking organ, it has been the subject of intense study. Some of the early modern research on the human head by German physician [[Franz Joseph Gall]] has resulted in the pseudoscience of [[phrenology]], which reached its peak in the 19th century. It attributes character traits and mental abilities to the shape of the head. The measurement of the human head and [[skull]], known as [[craniometry]], gained popularity at the same time. Some, notably in Nazi Germany, have used these measurements and other comparative research as the underpinnings of racist, pseudoscientific theories.

The procedure of [[trepanation]] has also been advocated and practiced for pseudoscientific reasons.

==References==
* Campbell, Bernard Grant. ''Human Evolution: An Introduction to Man's Adaptations'' (4th edition), ISBN 0-202-02042-8

==See also==
* Headless
* [[Head and neck anatomy]]

== External links ==
* [http://www.ahs.uwaterloo.ca/~cahr/headfall.html The anatomy of a head injury.]

{{Head and neck general}}

[[Category:Head and neck]]
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

[[als:Kopf]]
[[ar:رأس]]
[[br:Penn]]
[[bg:Глава]]
[[cs:Hlava (člověk)]]
[[cy:Pen]]
[[da:Hoved]]
[[pdc:Kopp]]
[[de:Kopf]]
[[es:Cabeza]]
[[eo:Kapo]]
[[eu:Buru]]
[[fr:Tête (anatomie)]]
[[gd:Ceann]]
[[gl:Cabeza]]
[[io:Kapo]]
[[id:Kepala]]
[[ia:Capite]]
[[is:Höfuð]]
[[it:Testa]]
[[he:ראש]]
[[kg:Ntu]]
[[ht:Tèt]]
[[la:Caput]]
[[ln:Motó]]
[[jbo:stedu]]
[[ml:തല]]
[[nl:Hoofd (anatomie)]]
[[ja:頭]]
[[no:Hode]]
[[pl:Głowa]]
[[pt:Cabeça]]
[[ro:Cap]]
[[qu:Uma]]
[[ru:Голова]]
[[scn:Testa]]
[[simple:Head]]
[[sl:Glava]]
[[su:Sirah]]
[[fi:Pää]]
[[sv:Huvud]]
[[te:తల]]
[[tl:ulo]]
[[tr:Kafa]]
[[uk:Голова]]
[[yi:קאפ]]
[[zh:头]]
[[tl:Ulo]]

User:YazanDaaboul

2017-01-22T08:46:58Z

YazanDaaboul: /* Yaz Daaboul */

__NOTOC__
==Yaz Daaboul==
[[Image:YazanDaaboulMD.gif|right|200px]]
'''Yaz Daaboul, MD''' 
Email: [mailto:ydaaboul@wikidoc.org ydaaboul@wikidoc.org] 

==Current Position==
Senior Deputy Editor-in-Chief, WikiDoc.org 
Director of the WikiDoc Remote Contributors Project 
Postdoctoral Research Fellow, PERFUSE Study Group

==Professional Background==
Dr. Yaz Daaboul is a resident physician at Tufts Medical Center in Boston. He received his M.D. from the Lebanese American University in Beirut, after which he joined as a post-doctoral research fellow at PERFUSE Study Group at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. Dr. Daaboul is a senior deputy editor-in-chief at WikiDoc.org, where he authors and peer-reviews content in oncology, cardiovascular medicine, nephrology, infectious disease, and gastroenterology. He has also authored approximately 300 and reviewed 700 high-quality USMLE Step 1 style questions for the WikiDoc Board Review Project. Dr. Daaboul is the director of remote contributors at WikiDoc and oversees the training and contributions of scholars who work remotely from a large number of countries around the world.

==Education==
2014 - MD Degree, Lebanese American University, Gilbert and Rose-Mary Chagoury School of Medicine

User:DrJulienArbor

2016-09-24T17:58:12Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "__NOTOC__ ==Julien Arbor== ===Education=== ===Research=== ===Employment=== ===Contact==="

__NOTOC__
==Julien Arbor==
===Education===
===Research===
===Employment===
===Contact===

User:Anis Kadado

2016-09-12T03:45:23Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "__NOTOC__ ==Anis Kadado== ===Education=== ===Research=== ===Contact==="

__NOTOC__
==Anis Kadado==
===Education===
===Research===
===Contact===

User:Olufunmilola Olubukola

2016-09-11T19:47:53Z

YazanDaaboul:

__NOTOC__
==Olufunmilola Olubukola==
===Education===
===Research===
===Contact===

User:Olufunmilola Olubukola

2016-09-11T19:47:27Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "==Olufunmilola Olubukola== ===Education=== ===Research=== ===Contact==="

==Olufunmilola Olubukola==
===Education===
===Research===
===Contact===

User:Smruti Karale

2016-09-02T15:49:08Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "==Smruti Karale== ==Education== ==Work Experience== ==Contact=="

==Smruti Karale==
==Education==
==Work Experience==
==Contact==

User:YazanDaaboul

2016-07-21T01:51:29Z

YazanDaaboul:

__NOTOC__
==Yaz Daaboul==
[[Image:YazanDaaboulMD.gif|right|200px]]
'''Yaz Daaboul, MD''' 
Contact: 617-206-0089 
Email: [mailto:ydaaboul@wikidoc.org ydaaboul@wikidoc.org] 

==Current Position==
Senior Deputy Editor-in-Chief, WikiDoc.org 
Director of the WikiDoc Remote Contributors Project 
Postdoctoral Research Fellow, PERFUSE Study Group

==Professional Background==
Dr. Yaz Daaboul is a resident physician at Tufts Medical Center in Boston. He received his M.D. from the Lebanese American University in Beirut, after which he joined as a post-doctoral research fellow at PERFUSE Study Group at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. Dr. Daaboul is a senior deputy editor-in-chief at WikiDoc.org, where he authors and peer-reviews content in oncology, cardiovascular medicine, nephrology, infectious disease, and gastroenterology. He has also authored approximately 300 and reviewed 700 high-quality USMLE Step 1 style questions for the WikiDoc Board Review Project. Dr. Daaboul is the director of remote contributors at WikiDoc and oversees the training and contributions of scholars who work remotely from a large number of countries around the world.

==Education==
2014 - MD Degree, Lebanese American University, Gilbert and Rose-Mary Chagoury School of Medicine

User:YazanDaaboul

2016-07-21T01:51:04Z

YazanDaaboul: /* Professional Background */

__NOTOC__
==Yazan Daaboul==
[[Image:YazanDaaboulMD.gif|right|200px]]
'''Yazan Daaboul, MD''' 
Contact: 617-206-0089 
Email: [mailto:ydaaboul@wikidoc.org ydaaboul@wikidoc.org] 

==Current Position==
Senior Deputy Editor-in-Chief, WikiDoc.org 
Director of the WikiDoc Remote Contributors Project 
Postdoctoral Research Fellow, PERFUSE Study Group

==Professional Background==
Dr. Yaz Daaboul is a resident physician at Tufts Medical Center in Boston. He received his M.D. from the Lebanese American University in Beirut, after which he joined as a post-doctoral research fellow at PERFUSE Study Group at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston. Dr. Daaboul is a senior deputy editor-in-chief at WikiDoc.org, where he authors and peer-reviews content in oncology, cardiovascular medicine, nephrology, infectious disease, and gastroenterology. He has also authored approximately 300 and reviewed 700 high-quality USMLE Step 1 style questions for the WikiDoc Board Review Project. Dr. Daaboul is the director of remote contributors at WikiDoc and oversees the training and contributions of scholars who work remotely from a large number of countries around the world.

==Education==
2014 - MD Degree, Lebanese American University, Gilbert and Rose-Mary Chagoury School of Medicine

User talk:Jcj14c

2016-06-19T21:12:43Z

YazanDaaboul: Welcome!

'''Welcome to ''wikidoc''!'''
We hope you will contribute much and well.
You will probably want to read the [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents help pages].
Again, welcome and have fun! [[User:YazanDaaboul|YazanDaaboul]] ([[User talk:YazanDaaboul|talk]]) 21:12, 19 June 2016 (UTC)

User:Jcj14c

2016-06-19T21:12:32Z

YazanDaaboul: Creating user page for new user.

Current medical student, pursing a Medical Degree at a US school. I have a strong passion for those in need, the weak and the forgotten. For the moment, my ultimate field of practice has not been discovered, but I know regardless of what it is, the opportunity to serve others will be extremely rewarding. I also enjoy reading, the beach, and spending time with my family.

User talk:Mjl78

2016-06-15T01:29:51Z

YazanDaaboul: Welcome!

User:Mjl78

2016-06-15T01:29:40Z

YazanDaaboul: Creating user page for new user.

Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine.Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine. Hi like medicine.

User talk:Asiasarkar

2016-06-10T00:34:43Z

YazanDaaboul: Welcome!

User:Asiasarkar

2016-06-10T00:34:32Z

YazanDaaboul: Creating user page for new user.

A PERSON WHO WANTS TO CREATE THE MOST EFFICIENT DIAGNOSTIC NETWORK.LOVER,RUNNER,DANCER,PRANKSTER,A 2AM FRIEND TO FEW,OBNOXIOUS EGO MANIAC TO MANY ,I LIVE TO MAKE MEDICINE REACH TO PLACES UNSEEN UNHEARD OF.LETS DEMOCRATISE HEALTHCARE .APOLITICAL. FAVOURITE FOOT BALL CLUB IS EAST BENGAL FC .FAVOURITE SCHOOL DPS NOIDA.IT SEEMS I NEVER LEFT IT.IF DPS IS A FAMILY THEN IT IS THE ONLY FAMILY I GOT .LOVE AND PITY THAT YOU ARE READING A EGOMANIACAL ACCOUNT OF WHAT I AM IN CAPITAL LETTERS .OBNOXIOUSLY YOURS,ASIA SARKAR.NOW DONT CONFUSE MY NAME WITH THAT OF THE CONTINENT.I AM NAMED AFTER THE OCEANID GOD'S DAUGHTER ,HERCULES'S MOM ,PROMETHEUS'S LOVER AND THE WOMAN WHO WAS ELUSIVE TO THE MOST POWERFUL ZEUS.

Drug induced liver injury

2016-06-08T14:49:56Z

YazanDaaboul: /* Treatment */

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{See Also|Hepatotoxicity}}
{{See Also|Hy's law}}
'''For patient information, click [[Drug induced liver injury (patient information)|here]]''' 
{{CMG}} {{AE}} 
{{SK}} DILI; Drug-induced liver injury; Drug induced hepatitis; drug induced liver toxicity

==[[Drug induced liver injury overview|Overview]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury classification|Classification]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury causes|Causes]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury differential diagnosis|Differentiating Drug induced liver injury from other Diseases]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury risk factors|Risk Factors]]==

== [[Drug induced liver injury natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==

==Diagnosis==
[[Drug induced liver injury history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Drug induced liver injury physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Drug induced liver injury laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Drug induced liver injury liver biopsy|Liver Biopsy]] | [[Drug induced liver injury other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]

==Treatment==
[[Drug induced liver injury medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Drug induced liver injury prevention|Prevention]] | [[Drug induced liver injury cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Drug induced liver injury future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]

==Case Studies==
[[Drug induced liver injury case study one|Case #1]]
== External Links ==

{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

User talk:Izymotion

2016-06-08T00:08:51Z

YazanDaaboul: Welcome!

User:Izymotion

2016-06-08T00:08:40Z

YazanDaaboul: Creating user page for new user.

medical professional looking to become a world class interventional pulmonologist i love the outdoors and hobbies like cycling, traveling, swimming and football appeal to me. I also like the arts especially the creative arts. I choose to study Medicine because of the opportunity to care for people. My undergraduate medical education was in Nigeria and I look forward to the opportunity to further my training in the United States to achieve my dream of a world class physician.

User talk:Prp

2016-06-07T02:28:14Z

YazanDaaboul: Welcome!

User:Prp

2016-06-07T02:28:03Z

YazanDaaboul: Creating user page for new user.

My name is prp lives in ahmedabad gujarat. Need guidelines and practice material for united states medical licenceing examimation (usmle).Second year medical student at Ahmedabad muncipal corporation Medical education trust ( AMC MET) MEDICAL COLLEGE, Sheth Lallu Gordhan (LG) hospital campus , maninagar, ahmadabad, gujarat india.Interested in further study and work experience in usa

User talk:Dr.joe

2016-06-07T02:27:50Z

YazanDaaboul: Welcome!

User:Dr.joe

2016-06-07T02:27:40Z

YazanDaaboul: Creating user page for new user.

I have been preparing for usmle since 2 years with many breaks in between...was looking for free questions on neuroanatomy..found yours...hope it works for me...I don't understand why you need 50 words about my biography....right now I live in USA....wanna take exam as soon as possible ...Looking for someone who is in same line especially the place I live in ....but very hard to find friends here..hope this much is enoughhhhhhh.....

User talk:Magrabi90

2016-06-05T03:54:26Z

YazanDaaboul: Welcome!

User:Magrabi90

2016-06-05T03:54:15Z

YazanDaaboul: Creating user page for new user.

I am a pediatric nephrologist and pediatric renal transplant physician working in saudi arabia.i am interested in all nephrology contents specially pediatric nephrology.iwas trained both in my home country and canada.my nephrology experience now exceeding 12 years.i am now the supervisor of pediatric renal transplant and chairman of pediatric department in king fahd specialist hospital in dammam.

User talk:Adisakolly

2016-06-05T03:54:02Z

YazanDaaboul: Welcome!

User:Adisakolly

2016-06-05T03:53:52Z

YazanDaaboul: Creating user page for new user.

A paediatrician trained in resource-limited setting.I intend to pursue state of the heart training in the US to be at par with other paediatricians in the world.I graduated from the University of Lagos, Nigeria 9 years ago, had my residency training at one of the national teaching hospitals.Now a fellow of the West African College of Physicians.

User talk:Josemateocs

2016-06-05T03:53:38Z

YazanDaaboul: Welcome!

User:Josemateocs

2016-06-05T03:53:28Z

YazanDaaboul: Creating user page for new user.

i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico i am from mexico

Drug induced liver toxicity

2016-06-03T13:01:35Z

YazanDaaboul: ←Redirected page to Drug induced liver injury

#redirect [[Drug induced liver injury]]

Drug induced liver injury

2016-06-03T13:01:05Z

YazanDaaboul:

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{See Also|Hepatotoxicity}}
{{See Also|Hy's law}}
'''For patient information, click [[Drug induced liver injury (patient information)|here]]''' 
{{CMG}} {{AE}} 
{{SK}} DILI; Drug-induced liver injury; Drug induced hepatitis; drug induced liver toxicity

==[[Drug induced liver injury overview|Overview]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury classification|Classification]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury causes|Causes]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury differential diagnosis|Differentiating Drug induced liver injury from other Diseases]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==

==[[Drug induced liver injury risk factors|Risk Factors]]==

== [[Drug induced liver injury natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==

==Diagnosis==
[[Drug induced liver injury history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Drug induced liver injury physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Drug induced liver injury laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Drug induced liver injury liver biopsy|Liver Biopsy]] | [[Drug induced liver injury other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]

==Treatment==
[[Drug induced liver injury medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Drug induced liver injury primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Drug induced liver injury secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Drug induced liver injury cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Drug induced liver injury future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
==Case Studies==
[[Drug induced liver injury case study one|Case #1]]
== External Links ==

{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Drug induced liver injury causes

2016-06-03T12:41:32Z

YazanDaaboul:

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Causes==
===Common Causes===
*[[Acetaminophen]]
*[[Azithromycin]]
*[[Ethanol]]
*[[Statins]]
*[[Tetracycline]]
*[[Rosiglitazone]]
*[[Amiodarone]]
*[[Valproic Acid]]
*[[Methotrexate]]
*[[Isoniazid]]
*[[Rifampin]]

===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[5-Azacytidine]], [[Abacavir]], [[Abiraterone]], [[Acetaminophen]], [[Agomelatine]], [[Albendazole]], [[Allopurinol]], [[Altretamine]], [[Amineptine]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Amitriptyline]], [[Amoxicillin]], [[Amphotericin B]], [[Amprenavir]], [[Anabolic steroids]], [[Antituberculosis drugs]], [[Apixaban]], [[Arsenic trioxide]], [[Asafetida]], [[Asparaginase]], [[Atorvastatin]], [[Atovaquone]], [[Azathioprine]], [[Benoxaprofen]], [[Bexarotene]], [[Black cohosh extract]], [[Bosentan]], [[Bosutinib]], [[Bromfenac]], [[Bumetanide]], [[Carfilzomib]], [[Cascara]], [[Caspofungin]], [[Chaparral]], [[Chenodeoxycholic acid]], [[Chlormezanone]], [[Chlorzoxazone]], [[Ciprofloxacin]], [[Clofarabine]], [[Combined oral contraceptive pill]], [[Comfrey]], [[Crizotinib]], [[Cyclobenzaprine]], [[Dantrolene]], [[Daptomycin]], [[Dasatinib]], [[Deferasirox]], [[Desipramine]], [[Diclofenac]], [[Disulfiram]], [[Docetaxel]], [[Donepezil]], [[Dothiepin]], [[Dronedarone]], [[Eltrombopag]], [[Emtricitabine]], [[Entecavir]], [[Ephedra]], [[Erlotinib]], [[Erythromycin estolate]], [[Ethanol]], [[Ethinylestradiol]], [[Ethionamide]], [[Etretinate]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Felbamate]], [[Fenofibrate]], [[Fingolimod]], [[Fluconazole]], [[Flucytosine]], [[Fluoxymesterone]], [[Flutamide]], [[Fluvastatin]], [[Fosamprenavir]], [[Frusemide]], [[Fusidic acid]], [[Ganciclovir]], [[Gemcitabine]], [[Gemtuzumab ozogamicin]], [[Gold salts]], [[Golimumab]], [[Halothane]], [[Imatinib mesylate]], [[Imipenem]], [[Interferon alpha]], [[Interferon beta]], [[Interleukin 2]], [[Ipilimumab]], [[Isoniazid]], [[Isotretinoin]], [[Kava root extract]], [[Ketoconazole]], [[Lapatinib ditosylate]], [[Leflunomide]], [[Lovastatin]], [[Maraviroc]], [[Meropenem]], [[Mesalazine]], [[Methotrexate]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Methyldopate]], [[Micafungin]], [[Minocycline]], [[Mirtazapine]], [[Mithramycin]], [[Naltrexone]], [[Nandrolone]], [[Natalizumab]], [[Nelfinavir]], [[Nevirapine]], [[Niacin]], [[Nicotinic acid]], [[Nimesulide]], [[Nitisinone]], [[Nitrofurantoin]], [[Norfloxacin]], [[Nortriptyline]], [[Ondansetron]], [[Oxyphenisatine]], [[Paclitaxel]], [[Para-amino salicylic acid]], [[Pazopanib]], [[Pegvisomant]], [[Pemoline]], [[Pentostatin]], [[Phenelzine]], [[Phenylbutazone]], [[Phenytoin]], [[Pralatrexate]], [[Pravastatin]], [[Procainamide]], [[Propylthiouracil]], [[Prothionamide]], [[Pyrazinamide]], [[Pyritinol]], [[Pyrrolizidine alkaloids]], [[Regorafenib]], [[Rifabutin]], [[Rifampicin]], [[Riluzole]], [[Ritonavir]], [[Rivaroxaban]], [[Rosuvastatin]], [[Saquinavir]], [[Simvastatin]], [[Sitaxentan]], [[Sorafenib]], [[Stanozolol]], [[Statins]], [[Succimer]], [[Suloctidil]], [[Sulphasalazine]], [[Sulphinpyrazone]], [[Tegafur]], [[Telithromycin]], [[Teriflunomide]], [[Thiabendazole]], [[Thioguanine]], [[Ticlopidine]], [[Tipranavir]], [[Tizanidine]], [[Tolbutamide]], [[Tolcapone]], [[Tolrestat]], [[Trabectedin]], [[Troglitazone]], [[Trovafloxacin]], [[Ursodeoxycholic acid]], [[Valganciclovir]], [[Valproic acid]], [[Velnacrine]], [[Verapamil]], [[Voriconazole]], [[Ximelagatran]], [[Zotepine]], [[Alcohol]], [[Carbimazole]], [[Phenothiazines]], [[Clofibrate]], [[Tetracyclines]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{MultiCol}}
*[[5-Azacytidine]]
*[[Abacavir]]
*[[Abiraterone]]
*[[Acetaminophen]]
*[[Agomelatine]]
*[[Albendazole]]
*[[Alcohol]]
*[[Allopurinol]]
*[[Altretamine]]
*[[Amineptine]]
*[[Amiodarone]]
*[[Amitriptyline]]
*[[Amoxicillin]]
*[[Amphotericin B]]
*[[Amprenavir]]
*[[Anabolic steroids]]
*[[Antituberculosis drugs]]
*[[Apixaban]]
*[[Arsenic trioxide]]
*[[Asafetida]]
*[[Asparaginase]]
*[[Atorvastatin]]
*[[Atovaquone]]
*[[Azathioprine]]
*[[Benoxaprofen]]
*[[Bexarotene]]
*[[Black cohosh extract]]
*[[Bosentan]]
*[[Bosutinib]]
*[[Bromfenac]]
*[[Bumetanide]]
*[[Carbimazole]]
*[[Carfilzomib]]
*[[Cascara]]
*[[Caspofungin]]
*[[Chaparral]]
*[[Chenodeoxycholic acid]]
*[[Chlormezanone]]
*[[Chlorzoxazone]]
*[[Ciprofloxacin]]
*[[Clofarabine]]
*[[Clofibrate]]
*[[Combined oral contraceptive pill]]
*[[Comfrey]]
*[[Crizotinib]]
*[[Cyclobenzaprine]]
*[[Dantrolene]]
*[[Daptomycin]]
*[[Dasatinib]]
*[[Deferasirox]]
*[[Desipramine]]
*[[Diclofenac]]
*[[Disulfiram]]
*[[Docetaxel]]
*[[Donepezil]]
*[[Dothiepin]]
*[[Dronedarone]]
*[[Eltrombopag]]
*[[Emtricitabine]]
*[[Entecavir]]
*[[Ephedra]]
*[[Erlotinib]]
*[[Erythromycin estolate]]
*[[Ethanol]]
*[[Ethinylestradiol]]
*[[Ethionamide]]
*[[Etretinate]]
*[[Febuxostat]]
*[[Felbamate]]
*[[Fenofibrate]]
*[[Fingolimod]]
*[[Fluconazole]]
*[[Flucytosine]]
*[[Fluoxymesterone]]
*[[Flutamide]]
*[[Fluvastatin]]
*[[Fosamprenavir]]
*[[Frusemide]]
*[[Fusidic acid]]
*[[Ganciclovir]]
*[[Gemcitabine]]
*[[Gemtuzumab ozogamicin]]
*[[Gold salts]]
*[[Golimumab]]
*[[Halothane]]
*[[Imatinib mesylate]]
*[[Imipenem]]
*[[Interferon alpha]]
*[[Interferon beta]]
*[[Interleukin 2]]
*[[Ipilimumab]]
*[[Isoniazid]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Isotretinoin]]
*[[Kava root extract]]
*[[Ketoconazole]]
*[[Lapatinib ditosylate]]
*[[Leflunomide]]
*[[Lovastatin]]
*[[Maraviroc]]
*[[Meropenem]]
*[[Mesalazine]]
*[[Methotrexate]]
*[[Methyldopa]]
*[[Methyldopate]]
*[[Micafungin]]
*[[Minocycline]]
*[[Mirtazapine]]
*[[Mithramycin]]
*[[Naltrexone]]
*[[Nandrolone]]
*[[Natalizumab]]
*[[Nelfinavir]]
*[[Nevirapine]]
*[[Niacin]]
*[[Nicotinic acid]]
*[[Nimesulide]]
*[[Nitisinone]]
*[[Nitrofurantoin]]
*[[Norfloxacin]]
*[[Nortriptyline]]
*[[Ondansetron]]
*[[Oxyphenisatine]]
*[[Paclitaxel]]
*[[Para-amino salicylic acid]]
*[[Pazopanib]]
*[[Pegvisomant]]
*[[Pemoline]]
*[[Pentostatin]]
*[[Phenelzine]]
*[[Phenothiazines]]
*[[Phenylbutazone]]
*[[Phenytoin]]
*[[Pralatrexate]]
*[[Pravastatin]]
*[[Procainamide]]
*[[Propylthiouracil]]
*[[Prothionamide]]
*[[Pyrazinamide]]
*[[Pyritinol]]
*[[Pyrrolizidine alkaloids]]
*[[Regorafenib]]
*[[Rifabutin]]
*[[Rifampicin]]
*[[Riluzole]]
*[[Ritonavir]]
*[[Rivaroxaban]]
*[[Rosuvastatin]]
*[[Saquinavir]]
*[[Simvastatin]]
*[[Sitaxentan]]
*[[Sorafenib]]
*[[Stanozolol]]
*[[Statins]]
*[[Succimer]]
*[[Suloctidil]]
*[[Sulphasalazine]]
*[[Sulphinpyrazone]]
*[[Tegafur]]
*[[Telithromycin]]
*[[Teriflunomide]]
*[[Tetracyclines]]
*[[Thiabendazole]]
*[[Thioguanine]]
*[[Ticlopidine]]
*[[Tipranavir]]
*[[Tizanidine]]
*[[Tolbutamide]]
*[[Tolcapone]]
*[[Tolrestat]]
*[[Trabectedin]]
*[[Troglitazone]]
*[[Trovafloxacin]]
*[[Ursodeoxycholic acid]]
*[[Valganciclovir]]
*[[Valproic acid]]
*[[Velnacrine]]
*[[Verapamil]]
*[[Voriconazole]]
*[[Ximelagatran]]
*[[Zotepine]]
{{EndMultiCol}}

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Drug induced liver injury causes

2016-06-03T12:40:07Z

YazanDaaboul: /* Common Causes */

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Causes==
===Common Causes===
*[[Acetaminophen]]
*[[Azithromycin]]
*[[Ethanol]]
*[[Statins]]
*[[Tetracycline]]
*[[Rosiglitazone]]
*[[Amiodarone]]
*[[Valproic Acid]]
*[[Methotrexate]]
*[[Isoniazid]]
*[[Rifampin]]

===Causes by Organ System===
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Chemical / poisoning'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dermatologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Drug Side Effect'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[5-Azacytidine]], [[Abacavir]], [[Abiraterone]], [[Agomelatine]], [[Albendazole]], [[Allopurinol]], [[Altretamine]], [[Amineptine]], [[Amiodarone]], [[Amitriptyline]], [[Amoxicillin]], [[Amphotericin B]], [[Amprenavir]], [[Anabolic steroids]], [[Antituberculosis drugs]], [[Apixaban]], [[Arsenic trioxide]], [[Asafetida]], [[Asparaginase]], [[Atorvastatin]], [[Atovaquone]], [[Azathioprine]], [[Benoxaprofen]], [[Bexarotene]], [[Black cohosh extract]], [[Bosentan]], [[Bosutinib]], [[Bromfenac]], [[Bumetanide]], [[Carfilzomib]], [[Cascara]], [[Caspofungin]], [[Chaparral]], [[Chenodeoxycholic acid]], [[Chlormezanone]], [[Chlorzoxazone]], [[Ciprofloxacin]], [[Clofarabine]], [[Combined oral contraceptive pill]], [[Comfrey]], [[Crizotinib]], [[Cyclobenzaprine]], [[Dantrolene]], [[Daptomycin]], [[Dasatinib]], [[Deferasirox]], [[Desipramine]], [[Diclofenac]], [[Disulfiram]], [[Docetaxel]], [[Donepezil]], [[Dothiepin]], [[Dronedarone]], [[Eltrombopag]], [[Emtricitabine]], [[Entecavir]], [[Ephedra]], [[Erlotinib]], [[Erythromycin estolate]], [[Ethanol]], [[Ethinylestradiol]], [[Ethionamide]], [[Etretinate]], [[Febuxostat]], [[Felbamate]], [[Fenofibrate]], [[Fingolimod]], [[Fluconazole]], [[Flucytosine]], [[Fluoxymesterone]], [[Flutamide]], [[Fluvastatin]], [[Fosamprenavir]], [[Frusemide]], [[Fusidic acid]], [[Ganciclovir]], [[Gemcitabine]], [[Gemtuzumab ozogamicin]], [[Gold salts]], [[Golimumab]], [[Halothane]], [[Imatinib mesylate]], [[Imipenem]], [[Interferon alpha]], [[Interferon beta]], [[Interleukin 2]], [[Ipilimumab]], [[Isoniazid]], [[Isotretinoin]], [[Kava root extract]], [[Ketoconazole]], [[Lapatinib ditosylate]], [[Leflunomide]], [[Lovastatin]], [[Maraviroc]], [[Meropenem]], [[Mesalazine]], [[Methotrexate]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Methyldopate]], [[Micafungin]], [[Minocycline]], [[Mirtazapine]], [[Mithramycin]], [[Naltrexone]], [[Nandrolone]], [[Natalizumab]], [[Nelfinavir]], [[Nevirapine]], [[Niacin]], [[Nicotinic acid]], [[Nimesulide]], [[Nitisinone]], [[Nitrofurantoin]], [[Norfloxacin]], [[Nortriptyline]], [[Ondansetron]], [[Oxyphenisatine]], [[Paclitaxel]], [[Para-amino salicylic acid]], [[Paracetamol]], [[Pazopanib]], [[Pegvisomant]], [[Pemoline]], [[Pentostatin]], [[Phenelzine]], [[Phenylbutazone]], [[Phenytoin]], [[Pralatrexate]], [[Pravastatin]], [[Procainamide]], [[Propylthiouracil]], [[Prothionamide]], [[Pyrazinamide]], [[Pyritinol]], [[Pyrrolizidine alkaloids]], [[Regorafenib]], [[Rifabutin]], [[Rifampicin]], [[Riluzole]], [[Ritonavir]], [[Rivaroxaban]], [[Rosuvastatin]], [[Saquinavir]], [[Simvastatin]], [[Sitaxentan]], [[Sorafenib]], [[Stanozolol]], [[Statins]], [[Succimer]], [[Suloctidil]], [[Sulphasalazine]], [[Sulphinpyrazone]], [[Tegafur]], [[Telithromycin]], [[Teriflunomide]], [[Thiabendazole]], [[Thioguanine]], [[Ticlopidine]], [[Tipranavir]], [[Tizanidine]], [[Tolbutamide]], [[Tolcapone]], [[Tolrestat]], [[Trabectedin]], [[Troglitazone]], [[Trovafloxacin]], [[Ursodeoxycholic acid]], [[Valganciclovir]], [[Valproic acid]], [[Velnacrine]], [[Verapamil]], [[Voriconazole]], [[Ximelagatran]], [[Zotepine]], [[Alcohol]], [[Carbimazole]], [[Phenothiazines]], [[Clofibrate]], [[Tetracyclines]]
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Endocrine'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Environmental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Genetic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Iatrogenic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Neurologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Oncologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Opthalmologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Psychiatric'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Pulmonary'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Sexual'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Trauma'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Urologic'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Dental'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Miscellaneous'''
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|-
|}
===Causes in Alphabetical Order===
{{MultiCol}}
*[[5-Azacytidine]]
*[[Abacavir]]
*[[Abiraterone]]
*[[Agomelatine]]
*[[Albendazole]]
*[[Alcohol]]
*[[Allopurinol]]
*[[Altretamine]]
*[[Amineptine]]
*[[Amiodarone]]
*[[Amitriptyline]]
*[[Amoxicillin]]
*[[Amphotericin B]]
*[[Amprenavir]]
*[[Anabolic steroids]]
*[[Antituberculosis drugs]]
*[[Apixaban]]
*[[Arsenic trioxide]]
*[[Asafetida]]
*[[Asparaginase]]
*[[Atorvastatin]]
*[[Atovaquone]]
*[[Azathioprine]]
*[[Benoxaprofen]]
*[[Bexarotene]]
*[[Black cohosh extract]]
*[[Bosentan]]
*[[Bosutinib]]
*[[Bromfenac]]
*[[Bumetanide]]
*[[Carbimazole]]
*[[Carfilzomib]]
*[[Cascara]]
*[[Caspofungin]]
*[[Chaparral]]
*[[Chenodeoxycholic acid]]
*[[Chlormezanone]]
*[[Chlorzoxazone]]
*[[Ciprofloxacin]]
*[[Clofarabine]]
*[[Clofibrate]]
*[[Combined oral contraceptive pill]]
*[[Comfrey]]
*[[Crizotinib]]
*[[Cyclobenzaprine]]
*[[Dantrolene]]
*[[Daptomycin]]
*[[Dasatinib]]
*[[Deferasirox]]
*[[Desipramine]]
*[[Diclofenac]]
*[[Disulfiram]]
*[[Docetaxel]]
*[[Donepezil]]
*[[Dothiepin]]
*[[Dronedarone]]
*[[Eltrombopag]]
*[[Emtricitabine]]
*[[Entecavir]]
*[[Ephedra]]
*[[Erlotinib]]
*[[Erythromycin estolate]]
*[[Ethanol]]
*[[Ethinylestradiol]]
*[[Ethionamide]]
*[[Etretinate]]
*[[Febuxostat]]
*[[Felbamate]]
*[[Fenofibrate]]
*[[Fingolimod]]
*[[Fluconazole]]
*[[Flucytosine]]
*[[Fluoxymesterone]]
*[[Flutamide]]
*[[Fluvastatin]]
*[[Fosamprenavir]]
*[[Frusemide]]
*[[Fusidic acid]]
*[[Ganciclovir]]
*[[Gemcitabine]]
*[[Gemtuzumab ozogamicin]]
*[[Gold salts]]
*[[Golimumab]]
*[[Halothane]]
*[[Imatinib mesylate]]
*[[Imipenem]]
*[[Interferon alpha]]
*[[Interferon beta]]
*[[Interleukin 2]]
*[[Ipilimumab]]
*[[Isoniazid]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Isotretinoin]]
*[[Kava root extract]]
*[[Ketoconazole]]
*[[Lapatinib ditosylate]]
*[[Leflunomide]]
*[[Lovastatin]]
*[[Maraviroc]]
*[[Meropenem]]
*[[Mesalazine]]
*[[Methotrexate]]
*[[Methyldopa]]
*[[Methyldopate]]
*[[Micafungin]]
*[[Minocycline]]
*[[Mirtazapine]]
*[[Mithramycin]]
*[[Naltrexone]]
*[[Nandrolone]]
*[[Natalizumab]]
*[[Nelfinavir]]
*[[Nevirapine]]
*[[Niacin]]
*[[Nicotinic acid]]
*[[Nimesulide]]
*[[Nitisinone]]
*[[Nitrofurantoin]]
*[[Norfloxacin]]
*[[Nortriptyline]]
*[[Ondansetron]]
*[[Oxyphenisatine]]
*[[Paclitaxel]]
*[[Para-amino salicylic acid]]
*[[Paracetamol]]
*[[Pazopanib]]
*[[Pegvisomant]]
*[[Pemoline]]
*[[Pentostatin]]
*[[Phenelzine]]
*[[Phenothiazines]]
*[[Phenylbutazone]]
*[[Phenytoin]]
*[[Pralatrexate]]
*[[Pravastatin]]
*[[Procainamide]]
*[[Propylthiouracil]]
*[[Prothionamide]]
*[[Pyrazinamide]]
*[[Pyritinol]]
*[[Pyrrolizidine alkaloids]]
*[[Regorafenib]]
*[[Rifabutin]]
*[[Rifampicin]]
*[[Riluzole]]
*[[Ritonavir]]
*[[Rivaroxaban]]
*[[Rosuvastatin]]
*[[Saquinavir]]
*[[Simvastatin]]
*[[Sitaxentan]]
*[[Sorafenib]]
*[[Stanozolol]]
*[[Statins]]
*[[Succimer]]
*[[Suloctidil]]
*[[Sulphasalazine]]
*[[Sulphinpyrazone]]
*[[Tegafur]]
*[[Telithromycin]]
*[[Teriflunomide]]
*[[Tetracyclines]]
*[[Thiabendazole]]
*[[Thioguanine]]
*[[Ticlopidine]]
*[[Tipranavir]]
*[[Tizanidine]]
*[[Tolbutamide]]
*[[Tolcapone]]
*[[Tolrestat]]
*[[Trabectedin]]
*[[Troglitazone]]
*[[Trovafloxacin]]
*[[Ursodeoxycholic acid]]
*[[Valganciclovir]]
*[[Valproic acid]]
*[[Velnacrine]]
*[[Verapamil]]
*[[Voriconazole]]
*[[Ximelagatran]]
*[[Zotepine]]
{{EndMultiCol}}

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Drug induced liver injury liver biopsy

2016-06-03T12:37:22Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "__NOTOC__ {{Drug induced liver injury}} {{CMG}} {{AE}} ==Overview== ==Liver Biopsy== ==References== {{Reflist|2}} Category:Hepatology"

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Liver Biopsy==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Template:Drug induced liver injury

2016-06-03T12:36:25Z

YazanDaaboul:

{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue"
|-
| colspan="1" style="text-align:center; background:DarkGray" |
|- bgcolor="LightGrey"
!
Drug induced liver injury Microchapters

|- bgcolor="LightCoral"
!
[[Drug induced liver injury|Home]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="Pink"
!
[[Drug induced liver injury (patient information)|Patient Information]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="Pink"
!
[[Drug induced liver injury overview|Overview]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="Pink"
!
[[Drug induced liver injury historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="Pink"
!
[[Drug induced liver injury pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="Pink"
!
[[Drug induced liver injury classification|Classification]]
|-
!

|- bgcolor="Pink"
!
[[Drug induced liver injury causes|Causes]]
|-
!

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[[Drug induced liver injury screening|Screening]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury differential diagnosis|Differentiating Drug Induced Liver Injury from other Diseases]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]
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Diagnosis
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[[Drug induced liver injury laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury liver biopsy|Biopsy]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
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Treatment
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[[Drug induced liver injury medical therapy|Medical Therapy]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury prevention|Prevention]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]]
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Case Studies
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[[Drug induced liver injury case study one|Case #1]]
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Drug Induced Liver Injury On the Web
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[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?CMD=search&db=pubmed&term={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}} Most recent articles]
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[http://scholar.google.com/scholar?ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}}&qt_s=Search&sa=N&tab=ps Most cited articles]
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[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=search&db=pubmed&term={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury }}}}%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D Review articles]
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[http://www.google.com/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}}+ppt&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a Powerpoint slides]
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[http://images.google.com/images?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wi Images]
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Drug induced liver injury
:[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}} All Images]
:[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury X-ray}} X-rays]
:[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury Ultrasound}} Echo & Ultrasound]
:[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury CT}} CT Images]
:[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury MRI}} MRI]
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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://www.guideline.gov/search/searchresults.aspx?Type=3&txtSearch={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}}&num=20 US National Guidelines Clearinghouse]
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[http://www.nice.org.uk/search/guidancesearchresults.jsp?keywords={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{Drug induced liver injury}}}}}}&searchType=guidance NICE Guidance]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Drug induced liver injury]
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[http://news.google.com/news?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wn Drug induced liver injury in the news]
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[http://maps.google.com/maps?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|map+top+hospital+Shigellosis}}}}&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&ie=UTF-8&sa=N&hl=en&tab=wl Directions to Hospitals Treating Drug induced liver injury]
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[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Drug induced liver injury]
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Template:Drug induced liver injury

2016-06-02T21:15:32Z

YazanDaaboul:

{| class="infobox bordered" style="width: 15em; text-align: left; font-size: 90%; background:AliceBlue"
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Drug induced liver injury Microchapters

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[[Drug induced liver injury|Home]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury (patient information)|Patient Information]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury overview|Overview]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury causes|Causes]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]
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Diagnosis
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[[Drug induced liver injury history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury physical examination|Physical Examination]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
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Treatment
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[[Drug induced liver injury medical therapy|Medical Therapy]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury prevention|Prevention]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]]
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[[Drug induced liver injury future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
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Case Studies
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[[Drug induced liver injury case study one|Case #1]]
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Drug Induced Liver Injury On the Web
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|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
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[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?CMD=search&db=pubmed&term={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}} Most recent articles]
|-
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[http://scholar.google.com/scholar?ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}}&qt_s=Search&sa=N&tab=ps Most cited articles]
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[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}Drug induced liver injury}}}}+more:health_continuing_education&cx=disease_for_health_professionals&sa=N&oi=coopctx&resnum=0&ct=col3&cd=2 CME Programs]
|-
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|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
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[http://www.google.com/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}}+ppt&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&aq=t&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a Powerpoint slides]
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|- bgcolor="LightYellow"
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Drug induced liver injury
:[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}} All Images]
:[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury X-ray}} X-rays]
:[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury Ultrasound}} Echo & Ultrasound]
:[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury CT}} CT Images]
:[http://goldminer.arrs.org/search.php?query={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury MRI}} MRI]
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[http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}} Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov]
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[http://www.guideline.gov/search/searchresults.aspx?Type=3&txtSearch={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|Drug induced liver injury}}}}&num=20 US National Guidelines Clearinghouse]
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[http://www.nice.org.uk/search/guidancesearchresults.jsp?keywords={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{Drug induced liver injury}}}}}}&searchType=guidance NICE Guidance]
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[http://google2.fda.gov/search?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}&x=0&y=0&client=FDA&site=FDA&lr=&proxystylesheet=FDA&output=xml_no_dtd&getfields=* FDA on Drug induced liver injury]
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[http://www.cdc.gov/search.do?queryText={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}&searchButton.x=33&searchButton.y=6&action=search CDC on Drug induced liver injury]
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[http://blogsearch.google.com/blogsearch?q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}&ie=UTF-8&oe=utf-8&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&client=firefox-a&um=1&sa=N&tab=wb Blogs on Drug induced liver injury]

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[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial&hs=QWo&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}}}+AND+risk+score+OR+risk+calculator&btnG=Search Risk calculators and risk factors for Drug induced liver injury]
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Drug induced liver injury medical therapy

2016-06-02T21:14:53Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "__NOTOC__ {{Drug induced liver injury}} {{CMG}} {{AE}} ==Overview== ==Medical Therapy== ==References== {{Reflist|2}} Category:Hepatology"

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Medical Therapy==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Drug induced liver injury primary prevention

2016-06-02T21:13:47Z

YazanDaaboul: YazanDaaboul moved page Drug induced liver injury primary prevention to Drug induced liver injury prevention

#REDIRECT [[Drug induced liver injury prevention]]

Drug induced liver injury prevention

2016-06-02T21:13:37Z

YazanDaaboul: YazanDaaboul moved page Drug induced liver injury primary prevention to Drug induced liver injury prevention

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Prevention==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Drug induced liver injury cost-effectiveness of therapy

2016-06-02T21:13:21Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "__NOTOC__ {{Drug induced liver injury}} {{CMG}} {{AE}} ==Overview== ==Cost-effectiveness of Therapy== ==References== {{Reflist|2}} Category:Hepatology"

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Cost-effectiveness of Therapy==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Drug induced liver injury case study one

2016-06-02T21:13:07Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "__NOTOC__ {{Drug induced liver injury}} {{CMG}} {{AE}} ==Overview== ==Case Study One== ==References== {{Reflist|2}} Category:Hepatology"

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Case Study One==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Drug induced liver injury future or investigational therapies

2016-06-02T21:12:56Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "__NOTOC__ {{Drug induced liver injury}} {{CMG}} {{AE}} ==Overview== ==Future or Investigational Therapies== ==References== {{Reflist|2}} Category:Hepatology"

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Future or Investigational Therapies==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Drug induced liver injury prevention

2016-06-02T21:12:41Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "__NOTOC__ {{Drug induced liver injury}} {{CMG}} {{AE}} ==Overview== ==Prevention== ==References== {{Reflist|2}} Category:Hepatology"

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Prevention==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Drug induced liver injury laboratory findings

2016-06-02T21:11:45Z

YazanDaaboul:

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Laboratory Findings==
* [[CBC]]
* [[Alkaline phosphatase]]
* [[AST]] / [[serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase]] ([[SGOT]])
* [[ALT]] / [[serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase]] ([[SGPT]])
* [[Albumin]]
* [[Gammaglobulin]]
* [[Prothrombin time]] after [[vitamin K]]
* [[Anti-mitochondrial antibody]] ([[AMA]])
* [[Anti smooth muscle antibody]] ([[ASMA]])
* [[Urinalysis]]
* [[Electrolyte]]s
* Drug levels
* [[Ultrasonography]]
* [[CT]]
* [[MRI]]
* [[Liver biopsy]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]

Drug induced liver injury other diagnostic studies

2016-06-02T21:11:05Z

YazanDaaboul: Created page with "__NOTOC__ {{Drug induced liver injury}} {{CMG}} {{AE}} ==Overview== ==Other Diagnostic Studies== ==References== {{Reflist|2}} Category:Hepatology"

__NOTOC__
{{Drug induced liver injury}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}}

==Overview==
==Other Diagnostic Studies==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

[[Category:Hepatology]]